<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<issue_export_package generated_at="2026-09-03T18:12:35+00:00">
  <journal>
    <title>Journal of Business and Retail Management Research</title>
    <acronym>JBRMR</acronym>
    <issn_print></issn_print>
    <issn_online>2056-6271</issn_online>
    <doi_prefix>https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/</doi_prefix>
  </journal>
  <issue>
    <id>51</id>
    <volume>Volume 17</volume>
    <name>Issue 01</name>
    <published_month>2022-10-01</published_month>
    <full_pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/issue_file/2022-11-08-17-25-08-PM.pdf</full_pdf_url>
  </issue>
  <articles>
    <article>
      <id>575</id>
      <title>A study on the impact of environmental and organizational factors on the effectiveness of platform-based transformation -Qualitative comparative analysis based on fsQCA</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=575</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>Driven by the new generation of digital intelligence technology, the platform economy has emerged as an important force to drive industrial development and enterprise growth, and how to improve the effectiveness of enterprise platform-based transformation has become an important issue. This paper uses a sample of 30 domestic listed enterprises and adopts the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to select six representative factors from two dimensions, namely environment, and organization, to explore the effect of the grouping effect on the effectiveness of platform transformation of enterprises. The study found that there are three ways to help companies achieve high platform transformation effectiveness, namely digital level + managerial cognitive ability, digital level + resource allocation ability, and government support + resource allocation ability, as well as three paths that lead to low platform transformation performance. The findings suggest that companies can, on the one hand, strive to improve certain key elements and move towards similar paths according to their circumstances, or, on the other hand, make organizational changes to shift to favorable paths and avoid unfavorable ones. This study not only extends the theoretical research on the impact paths of platform-based transformation but also provides valuable references on how companies can develop platform-based transformation strategies.</abstract>
      <references>Bao Y. Z. (2017). The platform transformation of distributors, China Real Estate, 2017(20):20-22. Benlian A., Kettinger W. J., Sunyaev A. (2018). The transformative value of cloud computing: a decoupling, platformization, and recombination theoretical framework, Journal of management information systems, 35(3): 719-739. Chen Q. J., Wan, M. F., Wang, Y. M. (2021). The impact of digital technology application on dual innovation in firms - an empirical test based on organizational life cycle, Soft Science, 2021,35(11):92-98. Ciborra, C.U. (1996). The Platform Organization: Recombining Strategies Structures and Suzrprises, Organization Science, 7(2):103-118. Dai N., Qian C., Zhao X., Wei Y. F. (2020). Analysis of the transformation process of platform-based strategy of manufacturing enterprises-based on dynamic capability perspective, Management Modernization ,40(01):29-31. Dal Zotto C, Omidi A.(2020). Platformization of media entrepreneurship: A conceptual development[J]. Nordic Journal of Media Management, 2020, 1(2): 209-233. Deng S. J. (2010). Top management perceptions and the evolution of dynamic corporate capabilities, Fudan University, 2010. Du Y, Z., Jia L. D. (2017). Group perspective and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA): a new path for management research, Management World, 2017(06):155-167. Fan X. J., Li C. Q. (2018). A comparative study on the transformation of hierarchical organizations to platform-based organizations, Business Economics, (09):103-106. Gjosh D., Olsen L. (2009). Environmental Uncertainty and Managers' Use of Discretionary Accruals, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(2):188- 205. Guo Q., Wang T. (2021). Jointly promoting the transformation and development of human resources service industry platform, Macroeconomic Management, (01):57-64. Han M. Y. (2017). Research on the evolutionary path of transformation of traditional section-based organizations to platform-based organizations--a case study of Haier's platform-based transformation, China Human Resource Development, (03):114-120. Helmond A. (2015). The platformization of the web: Making web data platforms ready, social media+ society, 1(2): 2056305115603080. Jia P. R. (2019). Exploring the path of traditional enterprises' transformation to platform-based operation, China Market, (17):71-73. Jiang J. H., Wang F. Q. (2017). The innovation path of O2O business model and its evolution mechanism--a case study of the platform transformation of Pinsent Masons, Management Review, 29(09):249-261. Jing R. T., Zhao Y. (2016). Platform organizations: Rethinking the boom, Tsinghua Management Review, (09):33-38. Liu Q Z. (2016). Difficulties and pain points of traditional media platform transformation, Sound and Screen World, (10):61-62. Li C. G., Chen C., Mao C., Liu D.(2014). Measuring strategic alignment and its impact on performance from the perspective of resource allocation, China Management Science, 22(11):19-26. Peng S. Y. (2017). Research on the mechanism of transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry under the threshold of platform economy, Social Science Front, (07):258-261. Piao Q. X., Sun X. B., Su Z. H., Dong L. Y., Zhang J. L. (2020). Research on the mechanism of smart manufacturing platform-based transformation process of manufacturing enterprises, Journal of Management, 17(06):814-823. Shen H. H, Yu P. (2012). Uncertainty in state-owned equity environment and investment efficiency, Economic Research, (7):113-126. Sheng Y. H., Jiang H. Q. (2018). Research on the relationship between technological diversification and corporate performance of high-tech enterprises-the moderating role of dynamic capabilities, Industrial Technology Economics, 37(02):13-21. Tang Z. Y. (2020). Connection ability - the core competitiveness of traditional media platform transformation, Media, (22):62-63. Wang S., Xu J. X. (2019). On the platform-based transformation of traditional media, News Lovers, (07):51-55. Xu Q. R., Li Y., Wu P. B. (2019). How comprehensive innovation drives organizational platform transformation--a case study based on three major platforms of Haier Group, Journal of Zhejiang University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 49(06):78-91. Yasemin, Y. K., Mesko, A. (2013). Dynamic Managerial Capabilities: Configuration and Orchestration of Top Executives'Capabilities and the Firm's Dominant Logic, Strategic Management Journal, 34(2):233-244. Zuo M. Z. (2020). Analysis of platform transformation of FMCG industry in the new era, China Business Journal, (05):3-5.</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-37-45-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Chen Xinhui</author>
        <author>Li Yaping</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Environmental histories</keyword>
        <keyword>Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA)</keyword>
        <keyword>Organizational histories</keyword>
        <keyword>Platform-based transformation.</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>552662</views>
        <downloads>125</downloads>
        <citations>0</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>576</id>
      <title>Impact of Brexit policy on textile/clothing and footwear UK imports</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=576</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>On 23 June 2016 the UK voted to leave the EU, (Brexit).  A four year and six-month period of uncertainty ensued before Article 50 was activated.  Eventually the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) came into force on 1 May 2021. The UK retail sector, in particular the textile/clothing and footwear, relies on high levels of international importation to the UK.  As the negotiations between the UK and the EU were undertaken, key elements featured in the development of the new Brexit policy.  This paper examines the impact on the textile/clothing and footwear UK importation trade in relation to three of these key elements:- · June 23, 2016, UK voted to leave the EU. · 29 March 2017 Article 50 was triggered. · October 2019 Article 50 extended. The data was modelled using the main five UK import partners in relation to textile/clothing and footwear from the WITS (World Integrated Trade Solution) database and the UK Office of National Statistics annual and monthly data sets, in relation to the three key elements of policy. The study provided an initial insight into the impact of policy decision making during the Brexit process. The findings show that Key elements of Brexit policy making had a negative impact on importation trade in relation to Textile/Clothing and Footwear. Further research is recommended to establish the long-term effects of Brexit policy on the UK retail economy as a whole, over the next five years.  This to be extended to the export of textile/clothing and footwear from the UK to EU and Non-EU trading partners.</abstract>
      <references>Belke, Ansgar; Gros, Daniel (2017): The economic impact of Brexit: Evidence from modelling free trade agreements, Ruhr Economic Papers, No. 700, ISBN 978-3-86788-814-1, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen. Bennett, A. and Vines, D., 2022. The EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement: lessons learnt. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 38(1), pp.68-81. Bloom, N., Bunn, P., Chen, S., Mizen, P., Smietanka, P. and Thwaites, G., 2019. The impact of Brexit on UK firms (No. w26218). National Bureau of Economic Research. Chang, W., (2018), Brexit and its economic consequences, The World Economy, Volume 41, Issue 9, page 2349-2373, September 2018. Dhingra S., and Sampson T., (2022), Expecting Brexit, Centre for Economic Performance Discussion Paper No.1824 January 2022 English, R.A., 2018. UK preferential international trade after 23 June 2016. The Business &amp; Management Review, 9(3), pp.451-458. European Commission, (2020), EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement A new relationship, with big changes, December 2020. Fernandes A., P., and Winters L., A., (2021), Exporters and shocks: The impact of the Brexit vote shock on bilateral exports to the UK, Journal of International Economics, 131 (2021). Graziano, A.G., Handley, K. and Limao, N., 2021. Brexit Uncertainty and Trade Disintegration. ˜ The Economic Journal, 131(635), pp.1150-1185. Hantzsche A., Kara, A., Young G., (2019), The economic effects of the UK government’s proposed Brexit deal, The World Economy, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2019, Pages 5-20 Holmes, P., Rollo J., and Winters, L., A., (2016), Negotiating the UK’s Post-Brexit Trade Arrangements, National Institute Economic Review No. 238 November 2016. Lydgate E., Rollo J., Wilkinson R., (2016) The UK Trade Landscape After Brexit, UK Trade Policy Observatory, October 2016 Lydgate E., and Winters L. A., (2019), Deep and Not Comprehensive? What the WTO Rules Permit for a UK–EU FTA, World Trade Review (2019), 18: 3, 451–479 Martin J., Martinez, A., and Mejean I., (2019), The cost of Brexit uncertainty: missing partners for French exporters. 2019. ffhalshs-02515757f Nicolaides, Phedon A.; Roy, Thibault (2017): Brexit and Trade: Between Facts and Irrelevance, Inter-economics, ISSN1613-964X, Springer, Heidelberg, Vol.52, Iss.2, pp100-106 Office for National Statistics, (2021), Trade in goods: Country by commodity imports, non- seasonally adjusted 1997 to 2017 Monthly import country-by-commodity data on the UK's trade in goods, including trade by all countries and selected commodities, non-seasonally adjusted, published at 7:00am 11 November 2021 Office for National Statistics, (2022), UK trade in goods, annual country imports by commodity, current prices, non-seasonally adjusted, 2018 to 2022, UK trade statistics, 2022. Ries, C.P., Hafner, M., Smith, T.D., Burwell, F.G., Egel, D., Han, E., Stepanek, M. and Shatz, H.J., 2017. After Brexit: Alternate forms of Brexit and their implications for the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States. RAND Corporation Santa Monica United States. January 2017. Safonovs, R., and Upadhyay, A., Is your Brexit supply chain resilient enough? The British footwear manufacturers’ Perspective, STRATEGIC DIRECTION VOL. 33 NO. 11 2017, pp. 34-36, © Emerald Publishing Limited, ISSN 0258-0543 Swati S. D., Huang H., Ottaviano G., Pessoa J. P., Sampson T., and Reenen J. V., (2017), The costs and benefits of leaving the EU: trade effects, Trade after Brexit, Economic Policy,October 2017 Tetlow, G., and Stojanovic A., (2018), Understanding the economic impact of Brexit, Institute for Government, October 2018, Worldbank (2019), United Kingdom Footwear Imports by country in US$ Thousand 2019 World Integrated Trade Solution, wits.worldbank.org, Product 64-67 Footwear. Worldbank (2019), United Kingdom Footwear Imports by country in US$ Thousand 2019 World Integrated Trade Solution, wits.worldbank.org, Product 64-67 Textile/clothing</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-37-25-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Rachel A. English</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Brexit</keyword>
        <keyword>Clothing</keyword>
        <keyword>Footwear</keyword>
        <keyword>Negotiation</keyword>
        <keyword>Textile</keyword>
        <keyword>Uncertainty.</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>576029</views>
        <downloads>131</downloads>
        <citations>0</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>577</id>
      <title>The impact of Leadershift on cultural agility policy: The search for effective ways of mindfulness</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=577</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>To achieve an agile business culture, leaders must match styles with situations (leadershift). Such a goal can be acquired by utilizing special abilities and skills, such as Mindfulness. We tested such a framework of research to identify the role of Mindfulness as a personality trait that any leader should effectively utilize to achieve an agile organizational culture successfully. The variance model was applied by a cross-sectional survey on a sample from the Egyptian Post Authority to evaluate their success using the proposed tools in their latest era of significant changes. Findings reveal that Mindfulness is a compelling personality trait that facilitates leadershift, identified as shifting leadership styles with high flexibility to fit the situation. Such a trait helped the management of the Egyptian Post Office to achieve a thriving agile culture as a state-owned enterprise. Moreover, further implications were highlighted for practitioners and academic researchers to investigate the relationship profoundly.</abstract>
      <references>Arinya, T., 2020. The Challenges of Agility , Bangkok: Bangkok Post. Bennis, W. G. &amp; Thomas, R. J., 2018. Crucibles of leadership: , Boston: Harvard Business Review Press. Boyne, G. A., 2002. Public and Private Management: What's the Difference. Journal of Management Studies , 39(1), pp. 97-122. Carter, C., Kravits, S. &amp; Mannion, K., 2021. Reboot, resilience skills and employability. s.l., Pearson Middle East - Online Workshop. Courtney, C., 2016. Signs of dysfunctional team, Lawrence, Kensas: WTA veterinary consultants and Veterinary Economics. Daily News Egypt, 2022. Unemployment falls to 7.4% in December 2021: CAPMAS, Cairo: Daily News Egypt. Deary, I. J., Gow, A. J., Pattie, A. &amp; Whiteman, M. C., 2005. Goldberg's 'IPIP' Big-Five factor markers: Internal consistency and concurrent validation in Scotland. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(1), pp. 317-329. Dossick, C. S., Garvin, M. &amp; Taylor , J. E., 2011. Meeting the Burden of the Prood with Case-Study Research. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management , 10(10), pp. 303-311. Elston, D. M., 2018. Sample Size. Journal of the American Academy of Detmatology, 79(4), pp. 635-635. Farouk, S., 2022. CEO Egyptian Post Authority, [Interview] (3 January 2022). Fitzell, S., 2021. Neurodiversity in the workplace and learning. Manchester, Antioch New England Graduate School - Antioch University. Flint, M. &amp; Hearn, E. V., 2019. The leaders' guide to impact: how to use soft skills to get hard results. 1 ed. London: Pearson. France, T., Booysen, Lize &amp; Baron, C., 2019. Cross-cultural professional experineces of female expatriaites: Finding success through ability, resilience, and essential relationships. Cross Cultural and Strategic Manegement, 26(4), pp. 522-545. Ferickson, B., 2013. Positive Emotions: Broaden and Build Theory. Experimental Social Psychology, 47(4), pp. 1-53. Gobillot, E., 2009. Leadershift: reinventing leadership for the age of mass collaboration, London: Kogan Page. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. &amp; McKee, A., 2004. Primal Leadership: Learning to lead with emotional intelligence , Boston: Harvard Business Review School Press. Green-Moton, E. &amp; Minkler, M., 2019. Cultural Competence or Cultural Humility? Moving beyond the debate. Sage Journal, 1(1), pp. 1-15. Hirst, C., 2019. No bullsh*t leadership. 1 ed. London: Profile Books. Ibad, F., 2013. Leadershift. 1 ed. Islamabad: Pakistan Business Review. Ibraiz, T. &amp; Caliguiri, P., 2016. Cultural Agility and International assignees effectiveness in cross cultural interactions. The International Journal of Training and Development, 20(4), pp. 1360-1370. Johnstone, R. &amp; Wilson-Prangley, A., 2021. The Relationship between mindfulness and Individual adaptability in dynamic work contexts. South African Journal of Business Managament, 52(1), pp. 1-12. Jones, M. T., 2020. The dangers of a us mentality and them mentality. s.l., 5th International Conference on Globalisation entrepreneurship and emerging economies. Virtual Seminar, Center for Innovative Leadership CILN and the center for Business and economic research.. Kaplan , R. &amp; Kaiser, R., 2009. Stop over doing your strengths, Harvard: Harvard Business Review. Kiprop, C. J., 2012. Approaches to Management of Discipline in Secondary schools in Kenya. International Journal of Research in Management, 2(1), pp. 120-139. Lee, B., Ji, D. &amp; O'Kane, M., 2021. Examining Cross-Cultural Child Welfare Practice Through Simulation-Based Education. Clinical Social Work Journal, 49(4), pp. 271-285. Li, J., Yang, T. &amp; Yu, J., 2017. Random sampling and model competition for guaranteed multiple consensus sets estimation. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 10(11), pp. 1-11. Mansour, A. A., 2022. General Manager [Interview] (3 January 2022). Maxwell, J. C., 2019. Leadershift: the 11 essential changes every leader must embrace. The Journal of Applied Christian Leadership, 14(1), pp. 23-41. Nasr, A., 2021. The Corporate: The art of thriving in a competitive talent market. Cairo: Elain Publishing House. Nour, A., 2020. Mindful Management: the neuroscience of leadership, York: Schilich Business School - York University. Pugh, J., 2020. Leadership Mindset: Towards an Integrated Model. Organization Development Review, 52(4). Seligman, M. E. P., 2018. Building Resilience, Boston: Harvard Business Review Press. Sharma, R., 2010. The leader who had no title, London: Simon and Schuster. Smith, J. L., 2020. Ethics, Leadershift and More than coaching: insights for coaching psychologists from the CIPD and AC conferences. The Coaching Psychologist, The British Psychological Society, 6(1), pp. 1-10. Smith, P. &amp; Mannucci, 2017. From creativity to innovation: the social network drivers of the 4 phases of the idea journey. The Academy of Management Review, 42(1), pp. 1-17. Traylor, A. &amp; Caligiuri, P., 2019. The study buddy effect: studying abroad with a close friend and the development of cultural agility. Research in Comparative &amp; International Education, 14(4), pp. 466-476. Weir, T., 2015. Leadership Dubai Style, Dubai: EMLC Press. Woodward, O. &amp; Demille, O., 2013. Leadershift, New York: Business Plus. Yukl, G. A., 2002. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Leadership Behavior: Integrating a Half Century of Behavior Research. Journal of Leadership and Organisational Studies, 9(1), pp. 15-32.</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-42-49-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Zeinab Shawky Younis</author>
        <author>Dina Assem Abelmounem Mohamed</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Cultural Agility</keyword>
        <keyword>Leadershift</keyword>
        <keyword>Mindfulness</keyword>
        <keyword>Organizational Behavior</keyword>
        <keyword>Organizational Psychology</keyword>
        <keyword>and Resilience in Leadership.</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>595494</views>
        <downloads>99</downloads>
        <citations>4</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>578</id>
      <title>Antecedent factors for supermarket visits of Vietnamese consumers: A proposal for store image dimensions</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=578</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>This study aims to discuss a practical set of store image dimensions in a supermarket format to understand the relationship between store image and consumer patronage behaviour. A quantitative approach was applied to 506 datasets obtained from a survey conducted in Ho Chi Minh City. Using a structured equation modelling (SEM) approach, an analytical framework with practical dimensions is proposed to measure consumers’ perspectives and attitudes. Five dimensions have been validated, resulting in consumers’ intentions to visit supermarkets: store atmosphere, merchandise, store location, customer service and promotional tools. The SEM results reveal that the most significant impact comes from store atmosphere, followed by merchandise dimension as a merged dimension based on product price. The findings imply that Vietnamese consumers perceive store image through a more holistic and interrelated view of newly boosted retail formats in the transitional market.  The study's examination of the factors that determine supermarket image in Vietnam – a leading retail market in a booming, medium-developed country – provides guidelines that contribute to the development of strategies to win consumers’ support. The study is expected to be a valuable reference for research on retail markets in other emerging countries and to provide helpful information for winning consumer support and ensuring business sustainability beyond the impact of COVID-19.</abstract>
      <references>Anderson, E. W., Fornell, C. and Mazvancheryl, S. K. (2004), "Customer Satisfaction and Shareholder Value", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 68 No. 4, pp. 172-185. Asghar Ali, M., Hooi Ting, D., Ahmad-ur-Rehman, M., Zaib Abbasi, A., &amp; Hussain, Z. (2021). Perceived service recovery justice and customer re-patronage intentions: Sequential mediation. Cogent Business &amp; Management, Vol. 8 No.1, pp. 1938352. Baker, J., Levy, M. and Grewal, D. (1992), "An Experimental Approach to Making Retail Store Environmental Decisions", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 68 No. 4, pp. 445-460. Barr, V., and Field, K. (1997). STORES Retail Display and Design, New York: PBC International.  Bearden, W. O. (1977), "Determinant Attributes of Store Patronage: Downtown Versus Outlying Shopping Centers", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 53 No. 2, pp. 15-22. Berman, B. and Evans, J. R. (2013), Retail Management: A Strategic Approach. 12th edition. Harlow: Pearson. Bettencourt, L. A. and Brown, S. W. (1997), "Contact Employees: Relationships Among Workplace Fairness, Job Satisfaction and Prosocial Service Behaviors", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 73 No. 1, pp. 39-61. Bloemer, J. and de Ruyter, K. (1998), "On the relationship between store image, store satisfaction and store loyalty" European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 5/6, pp. 397-513. Bloemer, J. and Odekerken-Schroder, G. (2002), "Store Satisfaction and Store Loyalty Explained by Customer- And Store-Related Factors", Jouranal of Consumer Satisfadtion Dissatisfation and Complaining Behavior, Vol. 15, pp. 68-80. Blut, M., Teller, C., and Floh, A. (2018), "Testing retail marketing-mix effects on patronage: a meta-analysis",  Journal of Retailing, Vol. 94 No. 2, pp. 113-135. Bonett, D. G. and Wright, T. A. (2015) "Cronbach's alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning", Journal of Organizational Behavior,  Vol, 36 No. 1, pp. 3-15. Breu, M., Salsberg, B. and Tu, H. T. (2010), "Growing up fast: Vietnam discovers the consumer society", McKinsey, August 2010. available at: http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/marketing-and-sales/our-insights/growing-up-fast-vietnam-discovers-the-consumer-society (accessed 22 March 2022). Brooks, C. M., Kaufmann, P. J. and Lichtenstein, D. R. (2004), "Travel Configuration on Consumer Trip-Chained Store Choice", Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 241-248. Brueckner, M., Dabla-Norris, E., Gradstein, M., and Lederman, D. (2018), "The rise of the middle class and economic growth in ASEAN", Journal of Asian Economics, Vol. 56, pp. 48-58. Burlison, J., and Oe, H. (2018), "A discussion framework of store image and patronage: a literature review", International Journal of Retail &amp; Distribution Management, Vol. 46 No. 7, pp. 705-724. Cadilhon, J.-J., Moustier, P., Poole, N. D., Tam, P. T. G. and Fearne, A. P. (2006), "Traditional vs. Modern Food Systems? Insights from Vegetable Supply Chains to Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)" Development Policy Review, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 31-49. Chanil, D. (2004),  "Profile of the C-Store Shopper", Convenience Store News, Vol. 40 No. 2, pp. 41-52. Chen, H. S. and Hsieh, T. (2011), "The effect of atmosphere on customer perceptions and customer behavior responses in chain store supermarkets" AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, Vol. 5 No. 24, pp. 10054-10066. Clarke, I., Hallsworth, A., Jackson, P., de Kervenoael, R., del Aguila, R. P. and Kirkup, M. (2006), "Retail restructuring and consumer choice 1. Long-term local changes in consumer behaviour: Portsmouth, 1980-2002",  ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A, Vol. 38 No. 1, pp. 25-46. Cushman &amp; Wakefield (2019), "Market Beats: Retail Snapshot Q4 2019. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam" available at: file:///C:/Users/Hiroko/Downloads/hcmc_retail_4q18.pdf (accessed 17 March 2022) Dabija, D. C. and Băbuț, R. (2012), "Empirical Research on the Impact of Location and Service on the Retail Brand Image", Annals of the University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp. 813-819. Darley, W. K. and Lim, J.-S. (1993). "Store-Choice Behavior for Pre-Owned Merchandise",  Journal of Business Research, Vol. 27 No. 1, pp. 17-31. Del Vecchio, D., Henard, D. H. and Freling, T. H. (2006), "The effect of sales promotion on post-promotion brand reference: A meta-analysis", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 82 No. 3, pp. 203-213. Dokcen, C., Obedgiu, V., &amp; Nkurunziza, G. (2021). Retail atmospherics and retail store patronage of supermarkets in emerging economies: mediating the role of perceived service quality. Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 83-111. Donovan, R. J. and Rossiter, J. R. (1982), "Store Atmosphere: An Environmental Psychology Approach", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 58 No. 1, pp. 34-57. Donovan, R. J. and Rossiter, J. R. (1994), "Store Atmosphere and Purchasing Behavior", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 70 No. 3, pp. 283-294. Doyle, P. and Fenwick, I. (1974), "How Store Image Affects Shopping Habits in Grocery Chains", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 39-52. Ehlert, J. (2021). Food consumption, habitus and the embodiment of social change: Making class and doing gender in urban Vietnam. The Sociological Review, Vol. 69 No. 3, pp. 681-701. Sgroi, F., &amp; Salamone, P. A. (2022). Private label food products: Consumer perception and distribution strategies. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 8, 100287. Eroglu, S. A., Machleit, K. and Barr, T. F. (2005), "Perceived retail crowding and shopping satisfaction: the role of shopping values", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, pp. 1146-1153. Fox, E. J., Montgomery, A. L. and Lodish, L. M. (2004), "Consumer Shopping and Spending across Retail Formats", Journal of Business, Vol. 77, pp. 25-60. Freire, A. D. (2009), "Motorbikes against Ho Chi Minh? Or the Consumption Icons of a Social Transformation in Vietnam", Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 27 No. 1, pp. 67-87. General Statistics Office of Vietnam (2019), "Population", available from: http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=467 (accessed 17 March 2022) George, R. J. (2005), "Supermarket shopping: what is this thing called "customer service"?", Journal of Food Products Marketing, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 1-20. Ghosh, A. (1994), Retail Management. 2nd edition. Chicago: The Dryden Press. Gilbert, D. (2002), Retail Marketing Management. 2nd edition. London: Harlow. Goswami, P. and Mishra, M. S. (2009), "Would Indian consumers move from kirana stores to organised retailers when shopping for groceries?", Qualitative Research in Organisations and Management, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 127-143. Grewal, D., Baker, J., Levy, M. and Voss, G. B. (2003), "The effects of wait expectations and store atmosphere evaluations on patronage intentions in service-intensive retail stores", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 79, pp. 259-268. Herrington, J. D. and Capella, L. M. (1996), "Effects of music in service environments: a field study", Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 26-41. Houston, M. J. and Nevin, J. R. (1981), "Retail Shopping Area Image: Structure and Congruency Between Downtown areas and Shopping Centers", Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 677-681. Hsu, M. K., Huang, Y. and Swanson, S. (2010), "Grocery store image, travel distance, satisfaction and behavioral intentions: Evidence from a Midwest college town" International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 38 No. 2, pp. 115-132. James, D. L., Durand, R. M. and Dreves, R. A. (1976), "The Use of a Multi-Attribute Attitude Model in a Store Image Study", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 52 No. 2, pp. 23-32. Jayawardhena, C. and Farrell, A. M. (2011), "Effects of retail employees' behaviours on customers' service evaluation", International Journal of Retail &amp; Distribution Management, Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 203-217. Kazakevičiūtė, A. and Banytė, J. (2012), "The Relationship between Retail Crowding and Consumers' Satisfaction", Economics &amp; Management, Vol. 17 No. 2, pp. 652-658. Kitapci, O., Dortyol, I. T., Yaman, Z. and Gulmez, M. (2013), "The paths from service quality dimensions to customer loyalty: An application on supermarket customers", Management Research Review, Vol. 36 No. 3, pp. 239-255. Kunkel, J. H. and Berry, L. L. (1968), "A Behavioral Conception of Retail Image", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 4, pp. 21-27. Lancaster, K. (1990), "The Economics of Product Variety: A Survey", Marketing Science, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp. 189. Li, J.-G. T., Kim, J.-O. and Lee, S. Y. (2009), "An empirical examination of perceived retail crowding, emotions, and retail outcomes", Service Industries Journal, Vol, 29 No. 5, pp. 635-652. Lichtenstein, D. R., Ridgway, N. M. and Netemeyer, R. G. (1993), "Price Perceptions and Consumer Shopping Behavior: A Field Study", Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 234-245. Lin, Z. and He, X. (2015), "The images of foreign versus domestic retailer brands in China: A model of corporate brand image and store image", Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 22  No. 3, pp. 211-228. Léo, P.-Y. and Philippe, J. (2002), "Retail Centres: Location and Consumer's Satisfaction", Service Industries Journal, Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 122-146. Mann, P. W. and Jha, M. (2013), "Impact of Various Situational Factors on "Store Environment, Merchandising and Consumer Behavior" - A Study on Furniture Bazaar" Journal of Marketing &amp; Communication, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 29-37. Martineau, P. (1958), "The Personality of the Retail Store", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 47-55. Maruyama, M. and Trung, L. V. (2007a), "Supermarkets in Vietnam: Opportunities and Obstacles", Asian Economic Journal, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 19-46. Maruyama, M. and Trung, L. V. (2007b), "Traditional bazaar or supermarkets: A probit analysis of affluent consumer perceptions in Hanoi", International Review of Retail, Distribution &amp; Consumer Research, Vol. 17 No. 3, pp. 233-252. Maruyama, M. and Trung, L. V. (2012), "Modern Retailers in Transition Economies: The Case of Vietnam", Journal of Macromarketing, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 31-51. Mazursky, D. and Jacoby, J. (1986), "Exploring the Development of Store Images", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 62 No. 2), pp. 145-165. McNeill, L. S. (2012), "Sales promotion in the supermarket industry: a four-country case comparison", International Review of Retail, Distribution &amp; Consumer Research, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 243-260. Nguyen, T. B., Samsura, D. A. A., van der Krabben, E. and Le, A.-D. (2016), "City profile: Saigon-Ho Chi Minh City", Cities, Vol. 50, pp. 16-27. Nilsson, E., Marell, A., Nordvall, A. C. and Gärling, T. (2015), "Who shops groceries where and how? – the relationship between choice of store format and type of grocery shopping" International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 1-19. Oh, J., Fiorito, S. S., Cho, H. and Hofacker, C. F. (2008), "Effects of design factors on store image and expectation of merchandise quality in web-based stores" Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 15, pp. 237-249. Osman, M. Z. (1993), "A conceptual model of retail image influences on loyalty patronage behavior", International Review of Retail, Distribution &amp; Consumer Research, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 133-148. Pan, Y. and Zinkhan, G. M. (2006), "Determinants of retail patronage: A meta-analytical perspective" Journal of Retailing, Vol. 82, pp. 229-243. Phuong, L. N., Tuan, K. C., Duc, N. N., &amp; Thi, U. N. (2022). The Impact of Absorption Capability, Innovation Capability, and Branding Capability on Firm Performance—An Empirical Study on Vietnamese Retail Firms. Sustainability, Vol. 14 No. 11, pp. 6422. Prendergast, G., Shi, Y.-Z. and Cheung, K.-M. (2005), "Behavioural response to sales promotion tools", International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 467-486. Reardon, J., Kling, N., Amirebayeva, S. and McCorkle, D. (2001), A Multidisciplinary Approach to Multistop/Multipurpose Shopping Behavior and Retail Location Planning", Marketing Management Journal, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 41-49. Reardon, T., Timmer, C. P., Barrett, C. B. and Berdegue, J. (2003) "Principal Paper Sessions the Rise of Supermarkets in Developing Countries: Opportunities and Chal-lenges for Agrifood Products Suppliers (Fred Buttel, University of Wisconsin at Madison, presiding) The Rise of Supermarkets in Africa, Asia, and Latin", American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 85 No. 5, pp. 1140-1146. Shultz Ii, C. J. (1994), "Balancing Policy, Consumer Desire and Corporate Interests: Considerations for Market Entry in Vietnam", Columbia Journal of World Business, Vol. 29 No. 4, pp. 42-52. Singh, S., Mondal, S., Singh, L. B., Sahoo, K. K., &amp; Das, S. (2020). An empirical evidence study of consumer perception and socioeconomic profiles for digital stores in Vietnam. Sustainability, Vol. 12 No. 5, pp. 1716. Sirohi, N., McLaughlin, E. W. and Wittink, D. R. (1998), "A Model of Consumer Perceptions and Store Loyalty Intentions for a Supermarket Retailer" Journal of Retailing, Vol. 74 No. 2, pp. 223-245. Speece, M. and Huong, L. T. (2002), "Attitudes of Mini-Supennarket Shoppers in Hanoi, Vietnam: A Case Study in the Early Development of Modem Retailing" Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 187-212. Steenkamp, J.-B. E. M. and Wedel, M. (1991), "Segmenting Retail Markets on Store Image Using a Consumer-Based Methodology", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 67 No. 3, pp. 300-320. Tang, C. S., Bell, D. R. and Ho, T.-H. (2001), "Store Choice and Shopping Behavior: HOW PRICE FORMAT WORKS", California Management Review, Vol. 43 No. 2, pp. 56-74. Terano, R., Yahya, R., Mohamed, Z. and Saimin, S. B. (2014) "Consumers’ Shopping Preferences for Retail Format Choice Between Modern and Traditional Retails in Malaysia" Journal of Food Products Marketing, Vol. 20, pp. 179-192. Thang, D. C. L. and Tan, B. L. B. (2003), "Linking consumer perception to preference of retail stores: an empirical assessment of the multi-attributes of store image", Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 10, pp. 193-200. Thanh Nien News (TNN) (2015) "Foreign Retailers Drive the Rise of Convenience Stores in Vietnam. TNN", available from: http://www.thanhniennews.com/business/foreign-retailers-drive-the-rise-of-convenience-stores-in-vietnam-50007.html (accessed 23 March 2019). Tien, N. H., Diem, P. T., Van On, P., Anh, V. T., Van Dat, N., Hung, N. T., &amp; Tam, B. Q. (2021). The formation and development of CRM system at Thien Hoa electronics supermarket in Vietnam. International Journal of Research and Growth Evaluation, Vol. 2 No. 4, pp. 752-760. Traill, W. B. (2006), "The Rapid Rise of Supermarkets?", Development Policy Review, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 163-174. Tráng, B. T., and Dũng, N. C. (2019), "Retailer’s perception of impact of ASEAN Economic Community on the growth of Vietnam retail market: A cognitive approach" Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, Vol. 25 S02, pp. 47-65. Turley, L. W. and Milliman, R. E. (2000), "Atmospheric Effects on Shopping Behavior. A Review of the Experimental Evidence", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 49, pp. 193-211. van Kenhove, P., de Wulf, K. and van Waterschoot, W. (1999), "The Impact of Task Definition on Store-Attribute Saliences and Store Choice", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 75 No. 1, pp. 125-137. Vann, E. F. (2005), "Domesticating consumer goods in the global economy: Examples from Vietnam and Russia", Ethnos, Vol. 70 No. 4, pp. 465-488. Verma, H. (2012), "Measuring Store Image: An Empirical Study in Some Selected Apparel Retail Stores", Amity Management Review, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 2-18. Wakefield, K. L. and Blodgett, J. G. (1999), "Customer Response to Intangible and Tangible Service Factors", Psychology &amp; Marketing, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 51-68. Wang, S. C. and Lang, M. (2015), "The effects of special displays on shopping behavior", Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 23, pp. 125-132. World Bank, (2019), Country Overview: Vietnam, Washington: The World Bank Group. available at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/vietnam/overview (accessed 22 March 2019). Yan, R. N. and Eckman, M. (2009), "Are lifestyle centres unique? Consumers' perceptions across locations", International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 37 No.1, pp. 24-42. Zairis, A. G. and Evangelos, P. (2014), "Consumer behaviour toward convenience store chains in Greece", EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 175-197. Zentes, J., Morschett, D. and Schramm-Klein, H. (2011), Strategic Retail Management: Text and International Cases. 2nd edition. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-45-46-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Hiroko Oe</author>
        <author>Anh Hoang Thu Nguyen</author>
        <author>Yasuyuki Yamaoka</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Dimensions</keyword>
        <keyword>patronage</keyword>
        <keyword>store image</keyword>
        <keyword>supermarket</keyword>
        <keyword>Vietnam</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>588792</views>
        <downloads>104</downloads>
        <citations>1</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>579</id>
      <title>Holistic Marketing in Human Resources</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=579</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>To manage the understanding and aptitude contests of new developing technologies and processes of tactical methodologies for holistic human resource management is very much needed in most manufacturing companies. The continuous automation of straightforward manufacturing processes causes high-level complexity workspaces to expand, which leads to an increase in the need for highly educated staff who have graduate degrees only. The real struggle is to qualify individuals to shift their capabilities to workstations with more complicated procedures and guarantee the preservation of a role in transforming the familiar working environment. By merging the concepts of holistic internal marketing, key conclusions are drawn. A correlation marketing theory establishes a holistic internal marketing viewpoint; it does not depend merely on traditional marketing concepts and tools and focuses on three functional areas. This research will further explore the subject and purposes of core holistic marketing and the inevitability of constructing core associations. A contribution to expanding the interior all-inclusive holistic marketing theory by presenting a broader perception of the idea, in which both holistic marketing and human resources are combined to create a core holistic marketing application. Another aspect that will be presented is an inclusive understanding of the core marketing execution practice. A holistic marketing implementation model will be presented, strengthening the body and exterior interactions by convening internal customers' demands and fostering a holistic marketing vision from a human resource standpoint.</abstract>
      <references>Armstrong, M. (2020). Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. S.L.: Kogan Page. Bekimbetova,G.M., Erkinov, S.B. &amp; Rakhimov U.F.(2021). Culture and its Influence on Consumer Behaviour in the Context of Marketing (in Case of "Coca-Cola" company). Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft, (7-2), 4-6. Doi:10.24412/2701-8369-2021-7-2-4-6 ‌Hecklau, F., Galeitzke, M., Flachs, S. and Kohl, H. (2016). Holistic Approach for Human Resource Management in Industry 4.0. Procedia CIRP, 54, pp.1–6. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.05.102. Pluta, A. and Rudawska, A. (2016). Holistic approach to human resources and organizational acceleration. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 29(2), pp.293–309. doi:10.1108/jocm-11-2014-0210. Winata, I.G.K.A., Sanjaya, N.M.W.S. and Astana, I.G.M.O. (2020). Entrepreneurship Orientation and Holistic Marketing Mix in Creating Competitive Advantages Bumdes. Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism, 6(2), p.237. doi:10.22334/jbhost.v6i2.232. ‌- www.mckinsey.com. (n.d.). Industry 4.0: How to navigate digitization of the manufacturing sector McKinsey. [online] Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/operations/our-insights/industry-four-point-o-how-to-navigae-the-digitization-of-the-manufacturing-sector [Accessed 14 Oct. 2022].</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-47-33-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Sherien Dajah</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Marketing</keyword>
        <keyword>Human resources</keyword>
        <keyword>competence development</keyword>
        <keyword>holistic Marketing</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>611458</views>
        <downloads>94</downloads>
        <citations>3</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>580</id>
      <title>Seaport marketing strategies and its impact on customer satisfaction</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=580</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>In the world today, seaports play a crucial role in the economic and environmental sustainability of tourism destination. Seaports and their related facilities of different types and sizes are competing to capture market share globally. This study seeks to investigate the impact of seaport marketing mix strategies on customer satisfaction, identifying the significant marketing mix tactic that should be of focus to cities with seaports. This quantitative research uses deductive approach to develop a proposed model with various hypotheses to be tested. It is considered descriptive research as it seeks to depict the characteristics of a population being studied as well as to answer questions that pertain and explain seaport marketing strategies and its impact on customer satisfaction. Online questionnaires are distributed through convenience sampling during cross-sectional timeframe- December 2021 and January 2022. Results show that seaport-services, promotion, staff, physical evidence, and process has a positive significant impact customer satisfaction with the seaport. Seaport place/distribution and price are insignificant on customer satisfaction. This research is among ongoing attempts to study seaport marketing so to improve the current tourism industry of a nation. The focus is on seaport satisfaction, uncovering the significant marketing mix experiences to propose an effective marketing strategy. This research thus provides a significant addition to marketing knowledge for an increasingly important sector of the tourism industry, illustrating the vitality of the marketing mix and how the marketing mix elements vary from one field to another field.</abstract>
      <references>Akroush, M., and Al-Dmour, H. (2006). The Relationship between Brand-Building Factors and Branding Benefits in Commercial Banks Operating in Jordan. Jordan Journal of Business Administration, Volume2(3), p.464-486. Alen J., Sirotića, M. and Peronja, I. (2021). Sustainable Development of Port Cities from the Perspective of Transition Management. Transactions on Maritime Science Alexandre Lavissiere, Tibor Mandják, Julian Hofmann, and Laurent Fedi (2019). Port marketing as manifestation of sustainable marketing in a B2B context. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, Emerald, Volume35(3), p.524-536. Azhar, Muhammad, Jufrizen, Jufrizen, Prayogi, Muhammad, Sari, Maya (2019). The role of marketing mix and service quality on tourist satisfaction and loyalty at Samosir. Independent Journal of Management &amp; Production, Volume 10(5), p. 1-15 Camilleri, M. A. (2018). Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. In Travel Marketing, Tourism Economics and the Airline Product (Chapter 4, pp. 69-83). Springer Goss, R.O. (1990). Economic policies and seaports: The diversity of port policies, Maritime Policy &amp; Management, Volume17(3), p.221-234 Hayuningtyas ,Primawati (2020).the impact of marketing mix on consumer satisfaction and customer loyalty on aqua products, Ekspektra : Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, Volume 4, Nomor 2, Hal. 83 – 103 Helling, A. and Poister, T. H. (2000). U.S maritime ports: Trends, policy implications, and research needs, Economic Development Quarterly, Volume14(3), p.300-315. Hoyle, B.S. (1983). The Port-City Interface: Trends, Problems and Examples. Geo-forum, Volume20(4), p.429-435 Ilnytskyy, D., Zinchenko S., Savych O., Yanchetskyy O. (2018). Analysis of seaports development strategies: science, technology, education and marketing. Technology Audit and Production Reserves. Volume3/4(41), p.10-24 Jiang, Y.; Wen, J. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on Hotel Marketing and Management: A Perspective Article. IJCHM 2020, 32, 2563–2573 Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., and Chernev, A. (2022). Marketing Management (16thed). Pearson Li, J., Nguyen, T.H.H., Coca-Stefaniak, J.A. (2021). Coronavirus Impacts on Post-Pandemic Planned Travel Behaviors. Ann. Tour. Res. Volume86, p.102964. Milad Kalantari Shahijan, Sajad Rezaei, Muslim Amin, (2018). Cruisers’ experience, service convenience, values, satisfaction and revisit intention", International Journal of Quality &amp; Reliability Management, Vol. 35 Issue: 10, pp.2304-2327 Notteboom, T. E. and Winkelmans, W. (2001) Reassessing public sector involvement in European seaports, Journal of Maritime Economics &amp; Logistics, Volume3(2), p.242–259. Orîndaru, A., Popescu, M.-F., Alexoaei, A.P., Caescu, S, Florescu, M.S., Orzan, A.O(2021). Strategies for Industry’s Recovery. Sustainability Volume13, p.6781. Pantouvakis, A., Chlomoudis, C. and Dimas, A. (2008) ‘Testing the SERVQUAL scale in the passenger port industry: a confirmatory study’, Maritime Policy and Management, Volume35(5), p.449–467. Parola, F., Athanasios, A.P., Risitano, M., Ferretti, M. (2018). Marketing strategies of port 18 authorities: A multi-dimensional theorization. Transportation Research Part A Volume111, p.199–212. Peters, D. and Cheslin, D. (1998). Factors to be considered when marketing a port', in Nautical Institute, eds., The Work of the Harbourmaster: A Practical Guide, Nautical Institute, London. Rajh, E., and Došen, D. (2009). The Effects of Marketing Mix Elements on Service Brand Equity. Economic Research, Volume22(4), 69-83. Rutter, R., John Nadeau, Fiona Lettice, Ming Lim, Suwaid al Shamaisi (2017). Place branding of seaports in the Middle East. Place Brand Public Dipl. p. 1-17 Saltzman, D. (2020). Cruise Passenger Demographics: Who Will Be on My Cruise? Retrieved on January 2022 from: https://www.cruisecritic.com/articles.cfm?ID=4008 Sofronov, B. (2019). The Development of Marketing in Tourism Industry. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, Volume 19(1), p.117-127 Song, D. W., &amp; Panayides, P. M. (2008). Global supply chain and port/terminal: integration and competitiveness. Maritime Policy &amp; Management, 35(1), 73-87. Spencer K. (2022). Post-Covid Cruising: How Close to Normal is Cruising Right Now? Retrieved on January 2022 from: https://www.cruisecritic.com/articles.cfm?ID=6836 Tarek Abu Aisha, Mustapha Ouhimmou, and Marc Paquet (2020). Optimization of Container Terminal Layouts in the Seaport—Case of Port of Montreal. Sustainability, MDPI, Volume12(3), p.1-20 Tsiros, Michael, Vikas Mittal and William T. Ross, Jr. (2004). The Role of Attributes in Consumer Satisfaction: A Reexamination. JCR, 31 (September), p.476-483. Yeo, G.T., Thai, V., and Roh, S.Y. (2015). An Analysis of Port Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Korean Container Ports. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics Volume31(4), p.437-447 Yingfei, Y., Mengze, Z., Zeyu, L., Ki-Hyung, B., Avotra, A.A.R.N., and Nawaz, A. (2022). Green logistics performance and infrastructure on service trade and environment-measuring firm’s performance &amp; service quality. Journal of King Saud University-Science, 34(1), 101683. Yoo, B., Donthu, N., and Lee, S. (2000). An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Volume28(2), p.195-211.</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-50-15-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Dalia Fahmy Amara</author>
        <author>Eiman Medhat Negm</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Customer Satisfaction</keyword>
        <keyword>Marketing Mix</keyword>
        <keyword>Marketing Strategies</keyword>
        <keyword>Seaports</keyword>
        <keyword>Tourism.</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>916437</views>
        <downloads>151</downloads>
        <citations>2</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>581</id>
      <title>Exploring the interaction of work attitudes and the role of mechanisms in a crisis situation</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=581</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>This study examines, through a critical literature review and an empirical study, the effect on employee engagement of work-related  attitudes as these develop in a crisis situation. Using as case study  the Greek financial crisis and its effect on business life &amp; organizational behaviour, the study identifies four work related attitudes - person-organisation fit, affective commitment, psychological climate and ethical leadership- examines their interaction with employee engagement, and, adopting a crisis management (CM) theoretical framework perspective, it also examines employee engagement and ethical leadership as useful and efficient mechanisms to cope with the crisis. Through a quantitative analysis of selected empirical data from a heterogeneous sample of Greek private sector employees, the study indicates that employee engagement has positive relations with person-organisation fit, affective commitment, psychological climate and ethical leadership under an economic crisis. These research findings have important implications to organizations and its decision makers dealing with a crisis. The paper concludes with implications for further research. </abstract>
      <references>Biswas, S.D., &amp; Bhatnagar, J. (2013). Mediator Analysis of employee engagement: Role of perceived organizational support, P-O fit, and Organisational commitment. Vikalpa, 38(1), 27-40.  Brown, M. E., &amp; Trevino, L. K. (2002). Conceptualizing and measuring Ethical Leadership: Development of an Instrument. Academy of Management Proceedings 2002 (1), D1-D6. doi:10.5465/APBPP.2002.7519501 Brown, M. E., &amp; Trevino, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. Leadership Quarterly, 17, 595616. Doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004 Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K., &amp; Harrison, D. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117-134. doe: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002 Brown, S. P., &amp; Leigh, T. W. (1996). A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 359-368. doi: 10.1177/1534484309353560 Christopoulou, R., &amp; Monastiriotis, V. (2014). The public-private duality in wage reforms &amp; adjustments during the Greek crisis. ELIAMEP Crisis Observatory, Research paper No 9. Cooper, C., &amp; Antoniou, A. S. (2013). The Psychology of the Recession on the Workplace (New Horizons in Management). Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Pub. Covey, S. R. (2004). The 8th habit: From effectiveness to greatness. New York: Simon and Schuster. Czarnowsky, M. (2008). Learning’s role in employee engagement: An ASTD research Study. Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training &amp; Development.  Den Hartog, D.N., &amp; Belschak, F.D. (2012). Work engagement and machiavellianism in the ethical leadership process. Journal of Business Ethics, 107, 35-47. doi: 10.1007/s10551-012-1296-4 Dorasami, N. (2010). The impact of the global crisis on ethical leadership: A case study of the South African public sector. African Journal of Business Management, 4(10), 2087-2096. Retrieved from http://ir.dut.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10321/1146/article1380794548_Dorasamy.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y Epitropaki, O. (2012). Human Resource Management Strategies during the Economic Crisis. Retrieved from ALBA Graduate Business School website, http://www.alba.edu.gr/RCI/Documents/rci_2011%20olga%20final.pdf Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., &amp; Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 268-279. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.268 Heine, G. (2013). The influence of integrity and ethical leadership on trust and employee work engagement. Unpublished study, Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/80031 Judge, T.A., &amp; Kammeyer – Mueller, J. D. (2012). Job attitudes. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 341-367. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100511 Kahn, W. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692-724. doi: 10.2307/256287 Khuong, M., N. &amp; Yen, N. H. (2014). The effects of leadership styles and sociability trait emotional intelligence on employee engagement - A study in Binh Duong City, Vietnam. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2(1), 121-13. Retrieved from  http://www.ijcrar.com/vol-5/Mai%20Ngoc%20Khuong%20and%20Nguyen%20Hoang%20Yen.pdf Lee, J., Corbett, M. (2006). The impact of downsizing on employees' affective commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(3), 176-199. doi: 10.1108/02683940610659542 Macey, W. H., &amp; Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1, 3-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007. 0002.x Markovits, Y., Boer, D., &amp; Dick, R. (2014) Economic crisis and the employee: The effects of economic crisis on employee job satisfaction, commitment, and self-regulation. European Management Journal, 32(3), 413-422. doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2013.09.005 Martin, G., &amp; Gollan, P.J. (2012). Corporate Governance and Strategic Human Resource Management in the UK Financial Service Sector: The Case of RBS. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(16), 32953314. doi:10.1080/09585192.2012.689159 Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., &amp; Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397-422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 Matz-Costa, C., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., Besen, E., &amp; Lynch, K. (2009). The difference a downturn can make: Assessing the early effects of the economic crisis on the employment experiences of workers. Boston, MA: The Sloan Center on Aging and Work at Boston College. (Issue Brief No. 22). May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., &amp; Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety, and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 77, 11-37. doi: 10.1348/096317904322915892 Mitroff, I. (2004). Crisis Leadership: Planning for the Unthinkable. New York: John Wiley and Sons. O’Neill, B. S., &amp; Arendt, L. A. (2008). Psychological climate and work attitudes: The importance of telling the right story. Journal of Leadership &amp; Organizational Studies, 14, 353-370. doi: 10.1177/1548051808315553 Plinio, A. J., Young, Judith, M., &amp; Lavery, L. M. (2010). The state of ethics in our society: A clear call for action. International Journal of Disclosure &amp; Governance, 7(3), 172-197. doi:10.1057/jdg.2010.11 Resick, C. J., Baltes, B. B., &amp; Shantz, C. W. (2007). Person-organization fit and workrelated attitudes and decisions: Examining interactive effects with job fit and conscientiousness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1446-1455. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1446 Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., &amp; Armeli, S. (2001). Affective commitment to the organization: The contribution of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 825-836. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.5.825 Rich, B.L., LePine, J.A., &amp; Crawford, E.R. (2010). Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 53, 617–635. doi: 10.5465/AMJ.2010.51468988 Saji, B. (2014). Employee Engagement and Its Role during Crisis Management: A Conceptual Model. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(19), 110-117. Retrieved from  http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/13730/13894 Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 600619. doi: 10.1108/02683940610690169 Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., &amp; Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 464-481. doi: 10.1177/0022022102033005003 Schwartz, M.S., Cragg, W., &amp; Hoffman, W. M. (2012). An Ethical Approach to Crisis Management, IESE Insight, 15, 36 – 43. Shuck, B., Reio, T. G. Jr, &amp; Rocco, T. S. (2011). Employee engagement: an examination of antecedent and outcome variables, Human Resource Development International, 14(4), 427-445. doi: 10.1080/13678868.2011.601587 Shuck, B., &amp; Wollard, K. K. (2009). A historical perspective of employee engagement: An emerging definition. In MS Plakhotnik, SM Nielsen, &amp; DM Pane (Eds.), Proceedings of the Eighth Annual College of Education &amp; GSN Research Conference (pp. 133-139). Retrieved from  http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1159&amp;context=sferc Valackiene, A. (2011). Theoretical Substation of the Model for Crisis Management in Organization. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 22(1), 78-90. doi: 10.3846/16111699.2012.745814 Wagner, R., &amp; Harter, J. K. (2006). 12: The great elements of managing. Washington, DC: The Gallup Organization. Walumbwa, F. O., &amp; Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behavior: Mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 1275-1286. doi: 10.1037/a0015848 Welch, M. (2011). The evolution of the employee engagement concept: communication implications. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16, 328-346. doi: 10.1108/13563281111186968 Wood, R., &amp; Bandura, A. (1989). Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management. Academy of Management Review, 14, 361-384. doi: 10.5465/AMR.1989.4279067 Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Yukl, G. A., Mahsud, R., Hassan, S., &amp; Prussia, G. E. (2013). An improved measure of ethical leadership. Journal of Leadership &amp; Organizational Studies, 20(1), 38-48. doi: 10.1177/1548051811429352</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-52-35-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Evangelia Fragouli</author>
        <author>Xenia M. Louka</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Employee engagement</keyword>
        <keyword>crisis</keyword>
        <keyword>leadership</keyword>
        <keyword>person-organisation fit</keyword>
        <keyword>affective commitment</keyword>
        <keyword>psychological climate</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>1366313</views>
        <downloads>122</downloads>
        <citations>0</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
    <article>
      <id>582</id>
      <title>What did the digital age mean for privacy in the United States?</title>
      <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=582</url>
      <published_date>2022-10-31</published_date>
      <abstract>Over the course of the last 3 decades, the world has seen monumental shifts in how information is collected, transmitted, and disseminated. Every aspect of our personalities that live on the internet, including our browser history, photos we post to social media, our shopping decisions and our selection of online friends, has been collated, quantified, and assimilated into a digital profile, which has skyrocketing value to an increasing number of businesses. With these developments in technology come the inevitable questions of ownership of such data, its use, misuse and even possible theft. This paper takes a comprehensive and comparative look at the data privacy legislature in the two largest data hubs in the world, namely the United States and the European Union. The paper also seeks to address the shortcomings of certain, past legislative decisions, and makes a recommendation for the future. To do this, we analyze the events of the past, using the 2016 Facebook/Cambridge Analytica data scandal as a focal point. On analyzing the major differences between American privacy law and the preeminent document on data privacy at the time, namely the Global Data Privacy Regulations (GDPR), we conclude that data privacy in the United States is in its nascent stages, in dire need of an overhaul. The California Consumer Privacy Act is the legislature that comes close to mimicking the function of the GDPR, albeit at a much smaller scale. The other remedies include the American Data Privacy and Protection Act (ADPPA), which is already under consideration by Congress, or a state-by-state approach.</abstract>
      <references>Auxier, B., Rainie, L., Anderson, M., Perrin, A., Kumar, M. and Turner, E., (2019). Americans and Privacy: Concerned, Confused and Feeling Lack of Control Over Their Personal Information. [online] pewresearch.org. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2019/11/15/americans-and-privacy-concerned-confused-and-feeling-lack-of-control-over-their-personal-information/ (Accessed 17 February 2022). Warren, S. and Brandeis, L. (1890). The Right to Privacy. Harvard Law Review, 4(5), pp.193—197 (Accessed 2 August 2022). European Commission - European Commission. (2022) What is personal data?. [online] Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection/reform/what-personal-data_en (Accessed 8 August 2022) Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) 381 U.S. 479 (Accessed 3 July 2022). Katz v. United States (1967) 389 U.S. 347 (Accessed 8 July 2022). Whalen v. Roe (1977) 429 U.S. 589 (Accessed 29 April 2022). United States v. Miller (1976) 425 U.S. 435 (Accessed 29 April 2022). Kyllo v. United States (2001) 533 U.S. 27 (Accessed 29 April 2022). Carpenter v. United States (2018) 138 S. Ct. 2206 (Accessed 29 April 2022). Grossman, E. (1986). Conceptualizing National Identification: Informational Privacy Rights Protected. UIC Law Review, 29(4), pp.5. Available at: https://repository.law.uic.edu/lawreview/vol29/iss4/15/ (Accessed 13 March 2022) Austin, L. (2018). Re-Reading Westin. Theoretical Inquiries in Law, Forthcoming, 20(1), pp.5 (Accessed 6 August 2022). Regulation (EU) (2016/679) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (Text with EEA relevance)’. (2016). Official Journal, L 119, pp.1-88. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679  (Accessed 4 June 2022) Boyce, B. (2007). Property as a Natural Right and as a Conventional Right in Constitutional Law. Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review, 29(2), pp.16 (Accessed 21 July 2022). Downing v. Municipal Court of San Francisco [1948] 88 Cal. App. 2d 345 (Accessed 29 April 2022). Kremen v. Cohen (2003) 337 F.3d 1024 (Accessed 29 April 2022). Phoenix, J. (2021). What is a Digital Fingerprint?. [online] Available at: https://understandingdata.com/what-is-a-digital-fingerprint/ (Accessed 23 February 2022) HiQ Labs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp. (2019) 938 F.3d 985 (Accessed 31 January 2022). California Legislature, (2020). CIV. § 1798.120(a) (Accessed 10 June 2022). In Re Marriage of Graham (1978) 574 P.2d 75. Ingram, M. (2018). ‘It just felt right’: David Carroll on suing Cambridge Analytica. [online] Available at: https://www.cjr.org/q_and_a/lawsuit-cambridge-analytica.php  Data protection. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/data-protection (Accessed 27 May 2022) Federal Trade Commission (2019) UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEFORE THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION In the Matter of Cambridge Analytica, LLC, a corporation. Docket NO. 9383. Available at: https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/cases/d09389_comm_final_opini onpublic.pdf (Accessed 18 July 2022) In re Facebook, Inc. Sec. Litig. [2020] 477 F. Supp. 3d 980 (Accessed 31 March 2022). Lapowsky, I. (2019). One Man’s Obsessive Fight to Reclaim His Cambridge Analytica Data. [online] Available at: https://www.wired.com/story/one-mans-obsessive-fight-to-reclaim-his-cambridge-analytica-data/ (Accessed 1 March 2022) United States International Trade Administration. Privacy Shield Program Overview. [online] Available at:https://www.privacyshield.gov/program-overview (Accessed 28 July 2022) Whalen v. Roe (1977) 429 U.S. 589 (Accessed 28 March 2022). Naperville Smart Meter Awareness v. City of Naperville) [2018] 900 F.3d 521 (Accessed 13 March 2022) Fischer, W., (2022). We talked to the professor who fought Cambridge Analytica to get his data back in Netflix's 'The Great Hack' about why privacy rights in the US are lagging behind the rest of the world. [online] Business Insider. Available at:https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/we-talked-to-the-professor-who-fought-cambridge-analytica-to-get-his-data-back-in-netflixs-the-great-hack-about-why-privacy-rights-in-the-us-are-lagging-behind-the-rest-of-the-world/articleshow/70726124.cms (Accessed 1 August 2022).</references>
      <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2022-10-31-16-54-59-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
      <authors>
        <author>Achyuth Rachur</author>
        <author>Jonathan Putman</author>
        <author>Clifford Fisher</author>
      </authors>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Cambridge Analytica</keyword>
        <keyword>Data Privacy</keyword>
        <keyword>GDPR</keyword>
        <keyword>privacy</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <metrics>
        <views>3547888</views>
        <downloads>105</downloads>
        <citations>1</citations>
      </metrics>
      <declarations>
        <funding></funding>
        <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
        <data_availability></data_availability>
        <author_contributions></author_contributions>
      </declarations>
      <supplementary_materials/>
    </article>
  </articles>
</issue_export_package>
