JBRMR 2056-6271 https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/ 36 Volume 13 Issue 02 2018-12-01

430 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=430 2018-12-06 The purpose of this study was to determine and analyse 1) the effect of the situational factor, store atmosphere, and sales promotion on hedonic shopping motivation and 2) the impact of situational factor, store atmosphere, sales promotion, and hedonic shopping motivation on supermarket consumer impulsive buying in Manado City, partial or simultaneously. The method used in this research is the descriptive survey and explanatory survey method, with 250 consumers who shop in several supermarkets as the sample with convenience sampling technique; primary data were collected using questionnaire with Likert scale and SEM (structural equation modeling) analyse technique using Lisrel 8.80 program. The result shows that situational factor did not significantly affect the hedonic shopping motivation while store atmosphere and sales promotion are positively related to it. 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431 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=431 2018-12-07           The franchising industry in Malaysia is worth more than RM27 billion in 2017 and is rising.  However, the local franchisees are still lagging behind their international players in their home country.  Hence, the objective of this study is to determine the factors that lead to the innovative goal realization of the local food franchisees.  This study utilizes quantitative research design by distributing 400 questionnaires consisting of measurement for seven latent variables. The instruments consist of 45 items adapted to suit the local franchise industry using a 7-point Likert scale. A response rate of 42% (169) was obtained and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS.  The path model demonstrates that nine relationships are significant out of twelve hypotheses examined.  It signifies that to achieve goal realization, a franchisee needs to undergo a process. It started from goal desire and ends with goal realization. Self-efficacy and goal desire significantly affect goal intention which subsequently effect implementation desire. Next, implementation desire influence implementation intention and self-efficacy. Subsequently, implementation intention and self-efficacy influence plan enactment. Finally, implementation desire and plan enactment are the two significant factors influencing innovative goal realization.  Aarts, H., Dijksterhuis, A.P. and Midden, C., (1999). To plan or not to plan? Goal achievement or interrupting the performance of mundane behaviors. European Journal of Social Psychology, 29(8), pp.971-979. Adriaanse, M.A., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P.M., Hennes, E.P., De Ridder, D.T. and De Wit, J.B., (2010). When planning is not enough: Fighting unhealthy snacking habits by mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII). European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(7), pp.1277-1293. 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432 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=432 2018-12-07           The context of this study is Bangladesh`s food retailing sector. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) and customer retention. The core aim of Relationship Marketing is to build long lasting mutually bonded relationships with customers and various other important stakeholders. The concept has attracted considerable attention among scholars in recent decades and has appeared in service marketing literature as a new marketing paradigm. The concept is critical to the success of any organisation as it has been an accepted phenomenon that maintains that existing customers are far easier to retain than is the process of acquiring new customers.  In order to stay in business and cope with the challenging business dynamism, organisations are continuously searching for reliable and serviceable strategies to be employed in order to increase customer retention.            However, there is a lack of consensus among researchers on the core antecedents of relationship marketing that can be used to achieve the above aims, especially while the concept is new in the context of organised retailing sectors in Bangladesh. In response, the study developed a conceptual framework of customer retention strategy which incorporates bonds, service quality and relational quality into one relationship model.  The model establishes eleven hypotheses. 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433 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=433 2018-12-07           The Internet and social networking sites have provided many benefits to its users, because of its ability to connect large number of users all over the world; it is used as a marketing tool to promote different goods and services, including fashion. This study aimed to reveal the impact of social networking sites and their applications, e-word of mouth and e-reference groups in particular, on the e-purchasing process of fashion products. This process undergoes five consecutive stages (need recognition, information search, alternatives’ evaluation, e-purchasing, post-purchasing evaluation). In order to achieve the objectives of this study, analytical descriptive method was used and quantitative approach utilizing survey strategy was applied to test the three main hypotheses developed based on the literature review. Questionnaire was developed based on the previous studies and electronically distributed to a connivance sample of 601 online fashion buyers who have active Facebook accounts. 427 filtered and screened questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive analyses and regression analyses were performed to describe and test the hypotheses. The study found that the e-reference groups have slightly stronger impact on e-purchasing process in the fashion sector compared to e-word of mouth. The study recommended that e-stores should pay attention to consumers' experience to ensure positive feedback on social networking sites, and to the quality of information offered on fashion products. Recommendations for future research are provided.    Abdulhameed Talaat, (2010), "The Purchasing decision to the final consumer", world of electronic creativity magazine. Andersen, Margaret L. and Taylor, Howard F. (2010), Sociology: The Essentials, p.129, Cengage Learning. 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(2007), "Social Networking as a New Trend in E-Marketing", In CONFENIS, Vol. 2, PP. 847-856.   https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2019-01-16-08-58-49-AM.pdf Ghaith M. Al-Abdallah Abdallah Q. Bataineh Social networking sites e-word of mouth e-reference groups e-purchasing fashion sector. 561549 130 11

434 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=434 2018-12-07           The online-purchase trends suggest that consumers’ online reviews have become very important for customers and the sellers in purchase decisions and product sales respectively. Although the significance of online reviews has been examined, there are research gaps in studies on how to make title of online reviews helpful. The paper explores the traits that influence the formation of title of online reviews.             The study proposes gist helpfulness for the title of online reviews adopting elements such as online recommendation, online reviewer, and online review timeline, online review indicator. Our analysis of data from survey of 528 customers shows that daily use of internet positively influences gist helpfulness. The analysis was conducted through binary logistic regression. It is found that review depth and online reading experience have significance over gist helpfulness. 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Appendix A: Categorical Variables Coding   Frequency Parameter coding (1) (2) (3) (4) Hours daily Less than 1 hour (Reference group) 24 .000 .000 .000 .000 Hours daily (1) 1-2 hours 156 1.000 .000 .000 .000 Hours daily (2) 3-4 hours 180 .000 1.000 .000 .000 Hours daily (3) 5-6 hours 64 .000 .000 1.000 .000 Hours daily (4) more than 6 hours 104 .000 .000 .000 1.000 online review reading No reviews (Reference group) 28 .000 .000 .000 .000 online review reading (1) 1- 3 reviews 136 1.000 .000 .000 .000 online review reading (2) 4-7 reviews 184 .000 1.000 .000 .000 online review reading (3) 7-10 reviews 80 .000 .000 1.000 .000 online review reading (4) more than 10 reviews 100 .000 .000 .000 1.000 Access medium PC (Reference group) 80 .000 .000     Access medium (1) Tablet 8 1.000 .000     Access medium (2) Smartphone 440 .000 1.000     review_indepth No (Reference group) 312 .000       review_indepth (1) Yes 216 1.000       Access place At home (Reference group) 456 .000       Access place (1) At work 72 1.000       photos_inreview No (Reference group) 188 .000       photos_inreview (1) Yes 340 1.000       https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-10-25-13-AM.pdf Sanjay Bhāle Ketan Tongare e-commerce gist helpfulness online review online recommendations purchase behaviors 570150 113 0

435 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=435 2018-12-07           There is a growing trend in business organizations to include spirituality in management. Spiritual values and practices are being used as management tools to realize full potential of employees, ethical practices, increasing productivity, better interpersonal relationships, and community services etc. Management educators are coming up with improved ways to embrace spirituality into the courses and the institutions. With inclusion of spirituality in the practices of management, educators need to develop model programs to teach spirituality and the methods to know the success of such programs. The ways of managing pure and applied spirituality without unravelling it from the other essentials of management education is a new challenge before educators. Vedanta emphatically declares the truth that we are paripurna or totally fulfilled, completely satisfied. For some reasons, we do not know it. Ignorance of our fullness causes an imaginary void. Desire arises in the mind to acquire and possess things to fill the void. Vedanta gives knowledge of our fullness. The population of young is highest in the world. They are in hurry in searching for the meaning of life. It is the era of ‘Spiritual Youth’. The spirituality centres on meditation, going deeper into one’s own self and harnessing the soul’s energy. Practices of meditation has to be evolved looking to the younger generation and their specific characteristics. Lot of research work is needed in the direction of practical meditation and yoga looking to the present-day need. Management educators can teach students about the spirituality in life and in business too. Students can be motivated to understand deeply the Vedantic methods to experience the pure consciousness and analyse its applied aspects through the continuing research work. 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436 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=436 2018-12-07           Background: Not much information is available on the level of the sense of coherence (SOC) of the working population in South Africa. SOC is the disposition of an individual to accept strain as one of the factors that fosters growth and maturity. It develops from infancy through adolescence from the resources available to an individual and could deplete through stressors. Work stressors are those elements in the workplace that could result in harmful behaviour patterns and stress-aversive reactions. While family stressors are those elements in the domestic environment that engender strain and counterproductive behaviour in individuals.             Aim: The main aim of the article was to examine the association among SOC and work and family stressors among professional level employees in the South African Public Service. The objectives of this article are (1) to ascertain if the professional level employees investigated had strong or weak sense of coherence (SOC) and (2) To determine the effect of work and family stressors on SOC.  Setting: The study was conducted among professional level employees and top management of a municipality in the South African Public Service.            Methods: In this pragmatic, cross-sectional study design, a sample of 307 professional level employees born during the apartheid era in South Africa completed the 13-version Orientation to life Questionnaire (OLQ), work stressor and family stressor questionnaires as well as an elementary demographic questionnaire. Additional data was collected from the interview of 11 other top management members.            Results and conclusion: The findings refuted the claims that unfavourable environmental conditions could affect the development of a strong SOC in an individual by revealing that professional level employees at the South African Public Service generally had strong SOC. It further revealed that the respondents in comparison with the family stressors were experiencing much work stressors.  The findings have implications for workplace practices and management of work and family stressors.  Abe, E.N., 2016, ‘The connection between work-life balance and sense of coherence at a municipality in the South African Public Sector’, PhD Thesis, School of Management, IT & Governance, University of KwaZulu-Natal. 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437 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=437 2018-12-07           The purpose of this research to analyze the effect of product attributes and image on customer loyalty  mediated by value and customer satisfaction. This research was conducted on the existing hypermarket customers in Malang City, namely, Carrefour, Giant and Sun hypermat by using sample size as many as 120 respondents. Sampling technique was done using Convenience sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Model (SEM) with a variance based or component-based approach involving Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that product attributes directly affect the loyalty of hypermarket customers in Malang City, while the image does not affect customer loyalty directly. This indicates that hypermarket image concerning the price offered is in accordance to the quality of goods and attributes attached to the same goods with the conditions that exist in the supermarket. 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438 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=438 2018-12-07           Institutions of higher learning in the modern and highly competitive academic environment compete to drive work engagement and explore possible means by which employees can develop and exhibit right attitudes and disposition to work. The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of work engagement strategies on employees’ behavioural outcomes. Few studies analysed how work engagement strategies could help in driving standard work behaviour particularly in higher institutions. In an attempt to bridge this gap, this study was carried out using descriptive research method and Structural Equation Model (AMOS 22) for the analysis of four hundred and forty-one (441) valid questionnaire which were completed by the faculty members of the six selected private universities in Nigeria using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Factor model which shows high-reliability and good fit was generated, while construct validity was provided through convergent and discriminant analyses. The findings indicate that career opportunities, recognition of efforts, institution’s reputation, investment in employees and fun at work have positive influence on job satisfaction, job involvement and employees’ loyalty. This study contributes to the scientific knowledge in the area of Strategic Human Resources Management and the insight discovered from the study would help the management of institutions of higher learning to improve their employees’ level of engagement as well as their behavioural outcomes.  Anitha, J. (2014) Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 63(3) 308-323. Armstrong, M. (2006) A handbook of human resource management practice (7thed.) London: Kogan Page. Attridge, M. 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(2004) The missing link: the role of employee engagement in business successes. Workspan, 47(5), 48-52. Bassi, L, & McMurrer, D. (2007) Maximizing Your Return on People. Harvard Business Review, March: 115 – 123. Blattner, J., & Walter, T.J. (2015) Creating and sustaining a highly engaged company culture in a multigenerational workplace. Strategic HR Review, 14, 124–130.  Cain, L., Tanford, S. & Shulga, L. (2018) Customers’ Perceptions of Employee Engagement: Fortifying the Service–Profit Chain. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 19(1). Deci, E.L., & Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York, NY: Plenum. Desai, M., Majumdar, B., & Prabhu, G.P. (2010) A Study on Employee Engagement in Two Indian Businesses. Asian Journal of Management Research, 1(1), 81-96. Eldor, L., Harpaz, I. (2016) A process model of employee engagement: Learning climate and its relationship with work performance. 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439 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=439 2018-12-07           The main objective of e-payment system development in government agencies in Indonesia is to overcome problems arising in financial management, such as frequent occurrences of delayed payment, incomplete and inaccurate documents, financial information not being punctual, human error and other technical problems. This research aims to analyze the acceptance of e-payment system in Indonesian government institution using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. This research also tries to find answers as to whether the adoption of an e-payment system has a positive impact on effectiveness of the government budget disbursement. This research has a valuable contribution to make to the Indonesian government which is considering adoption of an e-payment system in all government institutions. However, the e-payment system adoption needs a transitional process. 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440 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=440 2018-12-07           This paper explores the extent to which customer satisfaction, service quality, customer service, price, corporate image, and network coverage influence customer loyalty in the mobile telecommunications industry in the emerging market country of Zambia. The study is important because emerging market countries including Zambia present a contextual setting in which there has been very high growth in mobile phone penetration within a short period of time. Based on survey data from a convenience sample of 221 mobile subscribers, and using partial least squares analysis, the study found that the antecedents of customer satisfaction (i.e., service quality, customer service, corporate image, price, and network coverage) explained 54% of the variance in customer satisfaction while customer satisfaction itself explained 37.4% of the variance in customer loyalty. 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441 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=441 2018-12-07           To build students' IEO, an appropriate learning approach is necessary to obtain the results optimally. This study focused on how PBL effects on students’ IEO and was limited on the theoretical application to the occurring condition, according to constructivist learning.  This study aims to determine and analyze Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Economic Theory course in building students’ IEO. The population was 112 UNESA students who took Economic Theory course with 86 students as the participants. The sampling used purposive simple random sampling and Partial Least Square for its statistic technique. The results indicated that PBL on Economic Theory course was proved to significantly effect on students’ IEO, despite considered as week due to several conditions. Bolton, D. L., Lane, M. D., Langkamp Bolton, D., Lane, M. D., Bolton, D. L., & Lane, M. D. (2012), Individual entrepreneurial orientation: development of a measurement instrument. Education + Training, volume 54 (2/3), p. 219–233. http://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211210314. Ferreira, J. J., Raposo, M. L., Rodrigues, R. G., Dinis, A., & Paço, A. Do. (2012). A model of entrepreneurial intention: An application of the psychological and behavioral approaches. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(3), 424–440. http://doi.org/10.1108/14626001211250144. Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L., & Sobrero, M. (2009), the Foundation of Entrepreneurial Intention. Summer Conference 2009, p. 1–36.  Forsythe, F. (n.d.). 2002. Problem-based Learning, 1–28. The Handbook of Economics Lecturers. https://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/handbookprintable/pbl2.pdf. Accessed on January 12, 2018 Gwee, M. C.-E. (2009). Problem-Based Learning: A Strategic Learning System Design For The Education Of Healthcare Professionals in the 21ST Century. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 25(5), 231–239. http://doi.org/10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70067-1. Henry, H. R., Tawfik, A. A., Jonassen, D. H., & Winholtz, R. A. (2012). “ I Know This is Supposed to be More Like the Real World , But . . .”: Student Perceptions of a PBL Implementation in an Undergraduate Materials Science Course, " Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning: Volume 6: Iss. 1, Article 5. Available at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ijpbl/vol6/iss1/5 Hmelo-silver, C. E. (2011). "In Memoriam : Remembering Howard S . Barrows In Memoriam :, " Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning: Volume. 5: Iss. 2, Article 3. p5-8Available at:  http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ijpbl/vol5/iss2/3 Hung, W., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2012). Guest Editors ’ Introduction, , " Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning: Volume. 6: Iss. 1, Article 2. p5-8Available at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ijpbl/vol6/iss1/2. p. 3–9.  Jorge-Moreno, J. De, Castillo, L. L., Triguero, M. S. M. S., De Jorge-Moreno, J., Castillo, L. L., Triguero, M. S. M. S., … Triguero, M. S. M. S. (2012). The effect of business and economics education programs on students’ entrepreneurial intention. European Journal of Training and Development, 36(4), 409–425 . http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090591211220339. Kemp. S. Constructivism a Problem Base Learning. Learning Academy. On  http://www.tp.edu.sg/staticfiles/tp/files/centres/pbl/pbl_sandra_joy_kemp.pdf. Accessed on January 17, 2018. Major, H., Savin-baden, M., & Major, C. H. (2004). Foundations of Problem-based Learning. Society for Research into Higher Education, Published Maidenhead: Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press, 2004. Muafi (2009), The Effects of Alignment Competitive Strategy, Culture, and Role Behavior on Organizational Performance in Service Firms, The International Journal of Organizational Innovation, Volume 2, (1), Summer, p. 106-134.  Muafi (2016), Analyzing fit in CSR strategy research in state-owned entreprises: Indonesia context, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, Vol. 9 (1), 2016, P. 179-206.  Sajjad, S. I., Shafi, H., & Dad, A. M. (2012). Impact of culture on entrepreneur intention. Information Management and Business Review, 4(1), 30–34.  Surjanti, J., Soejoto, A. & Muafi (2018a), The Impact of Procedural Justice (Pj), Distributive Justice (Dj) And Ethical Climate (Ec) On Continuous Professional Development (Cpd): The Role of Work-Related Stress (Wrs) Mediation, Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Vol. 21, Issue 1, p. 1-9, 2018 1 1528-2651-21-1-140.  Surjanti, J., Nugrohoseno, D, Budiono & Musfidah, H (2018b), The implementation of interest-based entrepreneurship curriculum in the Theory of Economics course. The Consortium of Asia-Pasific Education Universities (CAPEU), IOP Conference Series: Material Science and Engineering,  296, p. 1-6. 012012 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/296/1/012012. Ülger, M., Yiğittir, S., & Ercan, O. (2014). Secondary School Teachers’ Beliefs on Character Education Competency. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 131(4310), 442–449. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.145.  https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-12-07-58-PM.pdf Jun Surjanti Dwiarko Nugrohoseno Budiono Muafi Problem Based Learning (PBL) economic theory IEO 569532 111 3

442 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=442 2018-12-07           In a report about social media presented by the Arab Social Media Influencer Summit (2015) it was mentioned that 86% of young individuals between the ages of 25-35 are involved in almost every social media website there is. Jordan registered the highest usage within the Levant are of Facebook and WhatsApp with a high usage and involvement among young citizens.  The current research study aims at examining the role that social media marketing played among individuals in Jordan; precisely females and how it increased their impulsive purchasing of items through a social media platform. Through the quantitative approach, and using the questionnaire as a tool, the researcher distributed the tool on total of (400) female individuals forming a convenient sample of the study. The results of the analysis indicated that social media marketing had an influence on impulsive purchasing behavior among shoppers noting to the variable of variety seeking which presented through the social media platforms. The research however recommends a deeper investigation of how the impulsive and instant purchasing behavior was influenced by social media and the social media touched the behavior of the customer into a different scheme.   Akram, U., Hui, P., Khan, M.K., Saduzai, S.K., Akram, Z., & Bhati, M.H. (2017), “The plight of humanity: Online impulse shopping in China. Hum”, Syst. Manag, vol. 36, pp.73–90. Ahn, T., Ryu, S., & Han, I. (2007), “The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing”, Information & Management, vol. 44. No. 3, pp. 263–275. Arab Social Media Influencers Summit (2015), “Social Media Report”, [online] TNS. 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443 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=443 2018-12-07           This paper explores a model to measure managerial and leadership competence of business school educated managers. It starts by reviewing the literature on general management and leadership, seeking to establish a broad theoretical framework to guide this study. After statistically ensuring that the respective theoretical measuring criteria selected do measure the specific management and leadership competency, the paper then presents a model to measure management and leadership competencies. The final model has a total of eleven management and leadership competencies. These are Personal Value System, Career Awareness, Ethical and External Influences, Leading Change, Cultural Sensitivity, Team Building, Strategic Leadership, Conflict Management, Communication Skills, Global Leadership Mindset and Emotional Intelligence. This paper goes on to statistically measure the management and leadership competencies while also determining if the demographic variables influence the management and leadership competencies in any way. Also, the paper seeks to determine if any significant correlations exist between management and leadership competencies.  The results of this study are of value to business school educated managers who aim to improve their managerial and leadership skills.  It is also of value to researchers and scholars who intend to explore this avenue of managerial and leadership competency models further.   Achadinha, N., Benedict, E., Boshoff, S., Flotman, A.P., Taljaard, J., Van der Walt, A., Van Noordwyk, A. & Vermeulen, W. (2015). General management. Pretoria: Van Schaik.  Alvesson, M. & Svenningson, S. (2003). Managers doing leadership: the extra‐ordinarization of the mundane. Human Relations, 56(12):1435‐1459. Analoui, F. & Hosseini, M.H. (2001). 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444 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=444 2018-12-07           Traditional techniques for the analysis of trade areas (per capita approach, residual approach and analogue or share approach) oversimplify the relationship between population and expenditure, while pertinent variables that influence demand and potential are left unaccounted for. Inappropriate model specification, incomplete portrayal of market realities and faulty market analysis give rise to poor investment decision making. An integrated analysis of retail trade areas is proposed in this, the first of two papers. The analysis incorporates four proposed techniques, namely the Multi-Criteria Saturation Index (MCSI), Retail Diversification Index (RDI), Demand Density Analysis (DDA) and Growth Matrix (GM). 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445 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=445 2018-12-07           Spatial factors (rural and urban) might influence consumer preferences towards local food. This study explores and compares consumer preferences for local food in the  urban and rural context. Face to face interviews were conducted in urban and rural locations on Java island, Indonesia. Six hundred respondents were interviewed using a structural questionnaire. Factor analysis was applied to group consumers based on their preferences. Although consumer demographics differ, the results show that factors influencing consumers’ preferences seem to be similar in term of “food quality”, “support for local food”, “availability”, “promotion’, “tradition”, and “packaging “. “Food safety” also influences preferences for local food in urban areas. Though the paths by which the groups arrive at these motivators differ, the factors influencing consumer preference for local food are remarkably homogenous regardless of location. These results provide important implications for developing marketing strategies for local food linking urban and rural areas. Marketing can be enhanced through advertising and increasing consumer awareness and knowledge. This can be accomplished through mass media and formal and informal education, as well as traditional events. This study has its limitation that only one rural and one urban area was surveyed. Thus, these findings cannot be generalised for Indonesia as a whole. This paper’s unique contribution is to explore and compare consumer preference for local food in urban and rural Indonesia.  Adams, D. C. and Adams, A. E. (2011). De-Placing Local at the Farmers' Market: Consumer Conceptions of Local Foods. Journal of Rural Social Sciences, 26(2), pp. 74-100. Adams, D. C. and Salois, M. J. (2010). Local Versus Organic: A Turn in Consumer Preferences and Willingness-to-pay. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 25(4), pp. 331-341.  Arsil, P., Li, E. and Bruwer, J. (2014a). 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446 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=446 2018-12-07           Animosity and Consumer Ethnocentrism is a concept of psychological-social which describes the negative attitude in evaluating foreign products. The aim of this study is to provide empirical facts of the expansion of the four-typology animosity as an antecedent of consumer ethnocentrism (CE). In addition, this study aims to test CE as a predictor of foreign products purchase intention in developing countries. namely Indonesia. This study uses survey method. The research sample are 225 respondents from Indonesia. The product categories are supplement foods from the United States. The results show that the national stable animosity. personal stable animosity and personal situational animosity are antecedent of CE. Meanwhile, national situational animosity is not proven to have an influence on CE. This study also proves that CE has a negative influence on foreign products purchase intention. Al Ganideh Saeb Farhan. (2017). 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447 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=447 2018-12-07           The objective of this study is to examine the collaboration and innovation influencing the organization performance of Thailand’s automotive parts industry. Thailand’s continuing economic growth has been partly attributed to the export automotive production industry that has also established Thailand as the automotive parts production base for ASEAN. Both industries have evolved into Thailand’s key industries with the largest export values. Quantitative research method was employed to study 250 automotive parts entrepreneurs in Thailand. Questionnaires were used to collect data and SEM statistical modeling technique was used in the data analysis. The research found that organizations with significant emphasis on supplier, internal and customer collaboration to be able to create product, process, service and organization innovation that had significant impacts on the organization performance of Thailand’s automotive parts industry regarding customer retention, employee satisfaction, cost reduction and organization growth. Aron O'Cass and Liem Viet Ngo. 2012, “Creating superior customer value for B2B firms through supplier firm capabilities”, Industrial Marketing Management, 41, pp.125–135. Bilton, C., & Cummings, S. 2009, Creative strategy: From innovation to sustainable advantage, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. BOI. 2015, Thailand: Global Green Automotive Production Base, Retrieved January 15, 2016, from  http://aseanup.com/thailand-automotive-industry-overview/ Cheung, M., Myers, M. B., & Mentzer, J. T. 2010, “Does relationship learning lead to relationship value? 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Ibrahim Pinar. 2015, “Positive Influences of Green Innovation on Company Performance”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, pp.1232 – 1237. O'Cass, A., & Ngo, L. V. 2011, “Examining the Firm's Value Creation Process: A Managerial Perspective of the Firm's Value Offering Strategy and Performance”, British Journal of Management, 22(4), pp.646–671. OICA. 2015 Production Statistics. Retrieved September 3, 2016, from http://www.oica.net/category/production-statistics/2015-statistics/ Parasuraman, A. 2010, “Service productivity, quality and innovation: Implications for service-design practice and research”, International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 2, pp.277–286. Prahalad, C. K., &Ramaswamy, V. 2000, “Co-opting customer competence”, Harvard Business Review, 78, pp.79–87. 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Sadikoglu, E., &Zehir, C. 2010, “Investigating the effects of innovation and employee performance on the relationship between total quality management practices and firm performance: An empirical study of Turkish firms”, International Journal of Production Economics, 127, pp.13–26. Schøtt, T., Sedaghat, M. 2014, “Innovation embedded in entrepreneurs’ networks and national educational systems: a global study”, Small Bus. Econ, 43(2), pp.463–476. Schumacker, R.E. and R.G. Lomax. 2010, A Beginners Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. New York, Routledge. ISBN-13: 9781841698915. Singh, J. 2008, “Distributed R&D, cross-regional knowledge integration and quality of innovative output”, Research Policy, 37, pp.77–96. Sriram Narayanan, Ram Narasimhan, Tobias Schoenherr. 2015, “Assessing the contingent effects of collaboration on agility performance in buyer–supplier relationships”, Journal of Operations Management, 33–34, pp.140–154. Tether, B. 2002, “Who co-operates for innovation, and why: an empirical analysis”, Res. Policy, 31, pp.947–967. TAI. 2016, Master Plan for Automotive Industry 2012 – 2016. Ministry of Industry, Retrieved September 3, 2016, from http://tinyurl.com/o6cs4xs  Thomas Schøtt and Kent Wickstrøm Jensen. 2016, “Firms’ innovation benefiting from networking and institutional support: A global analysis of national and firm effects”, Research Policy, 45, pp.1233–1246. Un, C.A., & Asakawa, K. 2015, “Types of R&D collaborations and process innovation: The benefit of collaborating upstream in the knowledge chain” Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32, pp.138-153. Wawan Dhewant, Eko Agus Prasetio, Sudrajati Ratnaningtyas, Sri Herliana, Rendra Chaerudin, QorriAina, R. Bayuningrat H., EvyRachmawaty. 2012, “Moderating Effect of Cluster on Firm’s Innovation Capability and Business Performance: A Conceptual Framework”, Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, pp.867 – 872 https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-15-11-17-PM.pdf Winit Sueptaetrakun SorasakTangthong Collaboration Innovation Organization Performance Cost Reduction Customer Retention Automotive Parts 570123 132 1

448 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=448 2018-12-07           The present study aims to examine the impact of business process management on employee's job performance at the Social Security Corporation (SCC). The study's sample consists of (390) employees who will be answering the study's questions and hypotheses. In addition, the researcher developed a questionnaire to detect the impact of business process management on job performance. The most important findings and conclusions of the research are: the arithmetic means of employees' estimates at the SCC towards job performance were moderate and the arithmetic mean of employees' estimates at SCC towards business process management were high too. Regression results indicate there were statistically significant effects for BPM on job performance at the SCC, and process improvement influence came first concerning the size of the effect. The study recommends the SCC to adopt strategic objectives, to increase the concern and interest about IT, and provide electronic services. Ababneh, Kalthoum (2012). The extent of the application of engineering processes and their impact on the performance of employees in the Jordanian customs department from their point of view. Unpublished master thesis. Yarmouk University. Ali, N., Payan, R., Afshin, M., Hamidreza, N., Mohammad, R. (2013). Methods and approaches in organizational re-engineering. Interdisciplinary Journal of contemporary research in business. 5(2), 635-643. Alwan, Marwa (2015). Integration of process re-engineering and total quality costs to achieve competitive advantage. Al-Kout journal of economic and administrative sciences. 17, 400-417. Amanquah. B & Kofi. A (2013). Business process reengineering (BPR) in the financial services sector: A case study of Ghana commercial bank (GCB) limited. European journal of business and management. 5(29).59-66. Arabi, Attia (2012). The impact of the use of information technology on the performance of employees in the local bodies - a field study in the university of Ouargla, journal researcher. number (10). University of Qasidi Marbah Ouargla, Algeria. Asmare, E. (2012). The effect of business process reengineering on public sector organisation performance: a developing economy context. Unpublished doctoral thesis. RMIT University. Chang,   J. (2006). Business process management systems, Taylor and Francis Group, New York, NY. Chen, I &  Paulraj, A. (2004).Towards a theory of supply chain  management:     the  constructs   and  measurements, Journal   of  operations   management, 22(2). 119-150. Davenport, T. (1993). Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology, Harvard business school press, Boston, MA. Decenzo. D & Robbins. S(2010). Human resource management (10th ed). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 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Business process management journal. 3 (1). 64-80. https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-15-15-11-PM.pdf Bassam Fathi Aldiabat Ashraf Bataineh Husam Mahmmud Jamil Abu-Hamour Business process management employee involvement information technology job performance processes improvement strategic alignment 588569 164 1

449 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=449 2018-12-07           An integrated analysis of retail trade areas was proposed in Part I of two papers on the analysis of trade areas. The proposed analysis incorporated four techniques, namely the Multi-Criteria Saturation Index (MCSI), Retail Diversification Index (RDI), Demand Density Analysis (DDA) and Growth Matrix (GM). Improvements to the analogue method are also proposed, including economic indicators to account for the time value of money.            In Part II the validity of the proposed integrated analysis is tested, based on a comparison of actual versus forecast shopping centre sales data for twelve shopping centres in South Africa. A negligible difference was observed between actual and forecast sales.   Baladakis A. & J. Baladakis. (2017). Personal Communication with Messrs Alex and John Baladakis, Owners of various Johannesburg Pick n Pay franchise stores. Johannesburg, 18 July 2017.  Beyers P. (2017). Personal Communication with Mr Pieter Beyers, Senior Development Manager, Moolman Group. Pretoria, 13 June 2017.  Demacon Market Studies. (2009). Chris Hani Crossing Market Research & Recommendations. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2010a). Jabulani Mall Market Analysis. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2010b). The Impact of Shopping Centres on Township Economies. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2015a). Protea Glen Mall Market Research & Recommendations. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2015b). Tokoza Mall Market Research & Recommendations. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2016). Mams Mall Market Analysis. Unpublished.   Demacon Market Studies. (2017). Tokoza Kwesine PRASA Station Retail Potential Analysis & Recommendations. Unpublished.   Fernridge. (2016). Mamelodi Consumer Profile and Income Comparison. Unpublished.   Flanagan P.( 2017). Personal Communication with Mr Patrick Flanagan, Director, Flanagan & Gerard. 6 June 2017.  Kriek J. (2017). Personal Communication with Mr Johann Kriek, Director, Resilient Property Income Fund. Pretoria, 18 July 2017.  Pickard H. (2017). Personal Communication with Mr Hannes Pickard, Managing Director, Dorpstraat (formerly Retail Africa). Pretoria, 19 July 2017.  SACSC (2016). Shopping Centre Directory 2015/2016. South African Council of Shopping Centres: Sandton.  https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-15-20-02-PM.pdf H du Toit C E Cloete Market analysis retail trade areas central place theory market saturation retail demand potential. 589790 96 0

450 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=450 2018-12-07           The technology of ICT is dynamically developing with sorts of innovative product, one of them is IPTV. Its existence provides triple play multimedia convergence such as telephone, internet and digital TV contents. The customer’s adoption on it becomes important toward the service provider for a number of interests, especially for the field of marketing. By means of TAM concept (Technology Acceptance Model) from Gefen et al. (2003) and by adding satisfaction and loyalty so the new model is able to be used to evaluate the response of cognitive, conative and affective of customer. Empirical study applied to the customer's of PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk. in order to test 6 hypotheses as recommended. The Simulation of conceptual model and empirical data research acquired by using of AMOS software indicates that all of the hypotheses proved positively significant.  Variable trust is a good antecedent of perceived usefulness, satisfaction and loyalty constructs. Besides that, there is a direct effect between trust with loyalty or indirect effect through the mediation on perceived usefulness and or satisfaction. Ajzen, I. 1991. "The Theory of Planned Behavior". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50,179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T Al-Jabri, I. M. 2015. "Antecedents of user satisfaction with ERP systems, mediation analyses". Kybernetes, 44 (1), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-05-2014-0101 Al-Jabri, I. M., and N. Roztocki. 2015. "Adoption of ERP systems: Does information transparency matter?". Telematics and Informatics, 32(2),300-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2014.09.005 Amin, M., S. Rezaei, and M. Abolghasemi. 2014. 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451 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=451 2018-12-07           Triple bottom line reporting is an important aspect of a business’s sustainability efforts. The compilation of these reports allows the stakeholders of a business to assess the impact that it has on the economy, society, and environment. This increased stakeholder scrutiny of triple bottom line reports has led businesses that report on the triple bottom line to gain a competitive advantage through increased levels of trust and loyalty from their stakeholders. Other benefits of triple bottom line reporting include employee satisfaction and the minimisation of risk through ethical conduct. The purpose of this article was to investigate the influence of selected demographic variables on the triple bottom line reporting of businesses in the Nelson Mandela Bay region. A quantitative approach was implemented, and a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the respondents. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated to assess the validity and reliability of the measuring instrument. The empirical results showed that some demographic variables – the size of the business, the industry in which the business operates, and the management style of the business – had a significant influence on the business’s triple bottom line reporting. Babbie, E.R. (2010). The practice of social research. 12th edition. Belton CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Babbie, E. & Mouton, J. (2001). The practice of social research, Oxford University Press, Cape Town. Bajpai, N. (2010). Business Statistics. India: Dorling Kindersley. Blowfield, M. & Murray, A. (2008). Corporate responsibility: A critical introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.  Bosch, J.K., Tait, M. & Venter, E. (2018). Business management: An entrepreneurial perspective. 3rd edition. Port Elizabeth: Lectern. Burmeister, E. & Aitken, L.M. (2012). 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452 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=452 2018-12-07           Purpose: The study had been carried out with the aim to find out the influence of Customers;’ Socio Cultural Factors on their Online Shopping Behaviour. The findings of the study would be very fruitful to company owners who sell their products online by making them aware about customers’ online shopping behaviour in respect to their social and cultural factors.           Methodology: The study is quantitative and descriptive in nature, based on primary data collected from the various people of Saudi Arabia and Non-Saudi nationals. A structured close ended questionnaire has been used in this study as research instrument based on 5-point Likert Scale from 5 to 1. Total 400 respondents had been participated in the present research work. Analysis has been made with the help of various statistical tools and techniques i.e. Factor Analysis, Mean and Standard Deviation.             Findings: Present study concludes that Customers’ Socio-Cultural Factors has a significant influence on Online Shopping Behaviour. Total three factors captioned Social Factors, Cultural factors and Social Class with 4, 8 and 5 variables respectively had been extracted with a high degree of reliability. Among all these three factors Cultural Factors and Social Class with three variables each has a significant influence on online shopping behaviour of customers. Rest of the findings has been discussed in the research paper.            Study Limitations: Present Study had been carried out in Saudi Arabia and the analysis results of this study could not be inferred in other parts of the world.   Adnan, H. (2014). An Analysis of the Factors Affecting Online Purchasing Behavior of Pakistani Consumers. 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453 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=453 2018-12-07           Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) can act as a predictor and indicator of firm-level entrepreneurship in organisations of different sizes. Intrapreneurial Orientation (IO), as an offspring of EO, describes an individual employee’s inclination to act entrepreneurially. Yet while the importance of an organisation’s EO cannot be overstated, a lack of clarity exists as to which common constructs underpin these concepts, as no study has attempted to analyse the shared conceptual basis underpinning EO, IO and other connected concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyse the underlying constructs of past EO and IO studies. The study is qualitative in nature by utilising a narrative review methodology. The review was conducted in prominent international databases. Discovered articles were analysed by means of content and thematic analysis. Results reveal that EO studies mostly utilise three constructs, namely risk-taking, innovativeness and proactiveness, while competitive aggressiveness and autonomy are less frequently utilised. Instruments developed by Miller (1983), as well as Covin and Slevin (1989) were the most frequently utilised instruments to assess EO. Studies investigating IO lack commonality in constructs, with only innovativeness representing a common construct. Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation was found to act as an extension to IO, utilising similar constructs and one underlying instrument only.  Findings of this study provide researchers and academics with an up-to-date identification and analysis of the main constructs underlying popular EO and IO instruments, thereby assisting in the development of instruments in future EO and IO studies.  Aarakit, S.M. (2010), Intrapreneurial Orientation, Social Networks and firm performance. Unpublished Masters Dissertation. 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454 https://jbrmr.com/details&cid=454 2018-12-07           The purpose of this research is to test influence of Budget Participation and Leadership Style against rebudgeting on the work unit of regional apparatus (SKPD). Data were collected using questionnaires filled out by respondents from SKPD at 18 (eighteen) local government regencies/cities in Aceh, Indonesia for 110 (one hundred) questionnaires out of 150 were distributed. The results showed that Budget Participation and Leadership Style had a positive influence on SKPD rebudgeting. The finding of this research is to find that agency problems in regional budgeting have a bearing on leadership. In addition, the leadership style of the regional head as the regional financial authority is related to the process of budgeting based on the performance-based budget of local government and should be used on the performance indicators in the proposal of every program and activity. Abdullah, S& R.Rona. (2015). 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Citizen Preference and Resource Allocation: The Case for Participatory Budgeting in Seoul. Local Government Studies. 40(1). 102-120. Larkey, P.D. & R.A. Smith. (1989). Bias in the Formulation of Local Government Budget Problems. Policy Sciences. 22(2). 123-166. Lubis, A., Rustam and Muda, I. (2017). Factors Affecting the Cost of Agency of Village Owned Enterprise (BUMDES) in Indonesia. International Journal of Economic Research.  14(21). 334-348. Lubis, A.F., Lubis, T.A., and Muda, I. (2016). The role of Enterprise Resource Plan (ERP) configuration to the timeliness of the financial statement presentation.  International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research. 14(11). 7591-7608. Lubis, A., Torong, Z.B., and Muda, I. (2016). The urgency of implementing balanced scorecard system on local government in North Sumatra–Indonesia.  International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research. 14(11). 7575-7590. Marlowe, Justin & Shannon Portillo. (2006). 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Bank Sumut to the district own source revenue and economic growth.  International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research. 14(11). 7863-7880. Muda, I, D.Y.Wardani, Erlina, A.Maksum, A.F.Lubis & R.Bukit. (2017). The Influence of Human Resources Competency and The Use of Information Technology on The Quality of Local Government Financial Report with Regional Accounting System as an Intervening. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 95(20). 5552-5561. Muda, I, Dharsuky. A., Siregar, H.S., & Sadalia, I. (2017). combined loading and Cross-dimensional loadings timeliness of presentation of financial statements of local government. IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering. 180. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012099.  Muda, I, M.Ismail &Marhayanie. (2017). Impact Allocation Capital Expenditure on The Improvement of the Local Government Assets in North Sumatra and Effect on Local Revenue Sustainability. International Journal of Economic Perspectives. 11(2). 151-164. Muda, I. (2017). The Effect of Supervisory Board Cross-Membership and Supervisory Board Members' Expertise to The Disclosure of Supervisory Board’s Report : Empirical Evidence From Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal. XX(3A). 702-716. Muda, I. (2018). The Effect of Allocation of Dividend of the Regional Government-Owned Enterprises and the Empowerment Efforts on the Revenue of Regional Government: The Case of Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal. XX(4B). 244-259. Muda, I; M.Weldi; Siregar, H.S, & Indra, N.(2018). The Analysis of Effects of Good Corporate Governance on Earnings Management in Indonesia with Panel Data Approach. Iranian Economic Review. 22(2). 657-669. Nasir, A.. Y.M.Basri, Kamaliah & Muda, I. (2017). Effectiveness of Potential Tax Region as the Real Local Revenue Sources in Riau Coastal Area. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(12). 313-324. Nurzaimah, Rasdianto & Muda, I. (2016). The skills and understanding of rural enterprise management of the preparation of financial statements using Financial Accounting Standards (IFRs) financial statement on the Entities without Public Accountability (ETAP) framework on the implementation of village administration law. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research. 14(11). 7417-7429. Pohan., N., Badaruddin., R.F Dalimunthe., A. Purwoko., & Muda, I., (2018). The Effects of Human Resource Development and Institutional Arrangements on Performance, Service Quality and Area Development in Indonesia. QualityAccess to Success. 19(163).  94-102. Purwanto, Agus. (2016). Influence of Financial and Political Conditions on Budget Changes to Local Government in Indonesia. Journal of Accounting and Business. 16(2). 87-96.  Redburn, F. Stevens, Robert J. Shea, & Terry F. Buss. (2008). Performance Management and Budgeting: How Governments Can Learn from Experience. Armonk. New York. Sihombing, M, Muda, I, E.Jumilawati & A.Dharsuky. (2017). Factors Affecting The Success of Local Innovation Systems with Government Programs As Moderators. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(21). 272-289.  Sirojuzilam, Hakim, S., & Muda, I. (2016). Identification of factors of failure of Barisan Mountains Agropolitan area development in North Sumatera–Indonesia.  International Journal of Economic Research. 13(5). 2163-2175.  Sirojuzilam, Hakim, S., & Muda, I. (2017). Effect of Private Collaborative as a Moderation of Success of Agropolitan Program. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(21). 304-315. Tarmizi, HB., Daulay, M., & Muda, I. (2017). Impact of The Economic Growth and Acquisition of Land to The Construction Cost Index in North Sumatera. IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering. 180. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012004. Tarmizi, H.B.,Daulay, M and Muda, I. (2016). The influence of population growth, economic growth and construction cost index on the local revenue of tax on acquisition of land and building after the implementation of law no. 28 of 2009. International Journal of Economic Research. 13(5). 2285-2295. Van Wart, Montgomery. (2003). Public-Sector Leadership Theory: An Assessment. Public Administration Review. 63(2). 214-228. Yahya, I, Torong, Z.B., & Muda, I. (2017). Influence Behavior in Legislature Budget Development of Regions in the Province of Aceh and North Sumatra. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(8). 147-159. https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-17-01-54-PM.pdf Afrah Junita Erlina Erwin Abubakar Iskandar Muda Syukriy Abdullah Budget participation leadership style behavior regional apparatus. 574002 126 2